292 On the Ornithology of Northern Borneo. 



thocichla crassa, Turdinulus exsul, Pteruthius ceralatus, Zos- 

 terops clara, Pitta schwaneri, Harpactes whiteheadi, Cyanops 

 pulcherrima, Hierococcyx bocki, Cucidus poliocephalus, and 

 Carpophaga badia. 



The highest zone, above the 8000-feet level, contains very 

 few characteristic genera and species, viz. only Heteroscops 

 lucice, Pericrocotus montanus, and Merula seebohmi. 



The table which I have drawn out shows so clearly the 

 relationships of the various genera and species found on 

 Kina Balu that I need take up no more space to compare the 

 avifauna of this interesting mountain with the mountains of 

 surrounding countries. It is evident that the peculiar species 

 of Kina Balu are many, that several inhabitants of that 

 mountain are allied to forms inhabiting the high lands of 

 Sumatra and Java, and therefore those of the Malayan chain, 

 Mooleyit, and the Eastern Himalayas. 



In drawing up this summary I have derived the greatest 

 assistance from Count Salvadori's works and memoirs on 

 Borneo and Sumatra, and from Mr. Hume's able resume 

 of the avifauna of Tenasserim (Stray Feathers, vol. vi.). I 

 also desire to record my acknowledgments to a most useful 

 paper by Dr. Vorderman entitled " Les Oiseaux de Sumatra et 

 leur presence dans les iles avoisinantes " (Nat. Tijdschr. 

 Nederl. Ind. xlix. An*. 4, pp. 381-442). 



In conclusion I once more offer my congratulations to 

 Mr. John Whitehead on the success of an expedition planned 

 and executed with so much determination in the face of so 

 many obstacles and dangers, while his father, Mr. Jeffery 

 "Whitehead, who provided the " sinews of war," must feel 

 proud that his son has carried out one of the most important, 

 as well as one of the most successful scientific expeditions of 

 modern times — one, too, from which the gain resulting to 

 our ornithological knowledge has not yet been thoroughly 

 gauged. 



