Birds obtained at Madeira. 411 



7. Erithacus rubecula. 



8. turdus merula. 



9. Regulus maderensis. 



Common in suitable localities all over the island. It is 

 not met with in altitudes much below 2000 feet, and prefers 

 the gigantic heath-trees which clad the steep rugged sides of 

 the Serras, where it is met with in small parties. 



10. motacilla melanope. 



11. Anthus bertheloti. 



12. LlNOTA CANNABINA. 



This species was nesting. I found a nest with young. 



13. Crithagra butyracea. 



This bird had already nested, and many of the young were 

 already flying about. 



14. Petronia petronia. 



Very common about the cliffs and houses near the sea. 



15. Fringilla maderensis. 



There has been so much discussion with regard to the 

 advisability of separating the various forms of Buff-breasted 

 Chaffinch found in Madeira and the Canary Islands, that I 

 took care to obtain a good series of these birds in the former 

 island. Thanks to the kindness of Mr. Meade- Waldo and 

 Canon Tristram, I have been able to inspect their large series 

 of specimens from the different islands of the Canaries, and I 

 entirely agree with Mr. Sharpe as to the advisability of 

 giving these forms distinct names. All the young are un- 

 doubtedly much the same, but the adults are perfectly dis- 

 tinct, except the form found in Hierro, which is somewhat 

 intermediate between F. canariensis and F. palmce, having 

 the back and rump somewhat intermixed with green. 

 On the whole, however, this bird is so close to the grey- 

 backed F. palmce, that it is certainly most reasonable and 

 convenient to unite it with that species. The a buff- 

 breasted " species may be distinguished in the adult state by 

 the following characters : — 



