Mr. P. L. Sclater on the Emperor Penguin. 331 



The specimen brought back by the U.S. Exploring Expe- 

 dition was obtained in lat. 65° 52' S., long. 150° 25' E., that 

 is, to the west of the spot above mentioned, but not very 

 far away. 



On the whole, Victoria Land and adjacent seas may be 

 given as the only present ascertained locality of this bird. 



M. A. Milne -Edwards, in his recent article on the Fauna 

 of the Antarctic Regioiis (Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 6, Zool. vol. ix.), 

 seems inclined to minimize the sj)ecific differences between 

 this species and A. pennanti. But I think there can be no 

 doubt that the two birds are quite distinct, as species are 

 usually considered. Besides the size, the external structural 

 differences have been well pointed out by Gray and Coues 

 (//. ss. cc). Tiie most obvious of them are — (1) The exten- 

 sion of the feathering over the rami of the lower mandible 

 in A. for'steri, whereas in A. pennanti the sides of the lower 

 mandible are-entirely naked. This is at once noticeable in 

 specimens of all age^. (2) The tarsi are feathered in A. 

 fursteri, in A. pennanti they are naked. (3) The bill in 

 A. forsteri is relatively much shorter than in A. pennanti. 



The differences in coloration of the two species are well 

 shown in the olourcd plates in the Zoology of the ^Erebus' 

 and 'Terror.' They are also correctly described by G. R. 

 Gray, as follows : — 



A. forsteri. A. pennanti. 



Yellow of the sides of head pass- Yellow of the sides of head deop, 



ing insensibly iuto white on the and passing at once into deep orange 



sides of neck, where it is divided on the chest, gradually becoming 



by a projecting point of the same white on the breast. 



colour as the back. 



Black under the throat short, and Black under the throat ending in 



divided in front in the middle by a a blunt point on the chest. 



point of the white feathers of tlie 



chest. 



In the British Museum I have had an opportunity of 

 making a comparison of examples of the skeletons of these 

 two Penguins which fully substantiate the external differ- 

 ences. As will be seen by the figures (1 and 2, p. 332), 



