422 Mr. H. Seebohm on the 



The great Gallino-Gralline Order of Birds may be divided 

 into ten suborders, as follows : — 



Galline. 

 Crypturi. 

 Gallinse. 

 Pterocletes. 

 Columbse. 



' Gralline. 



Hemipodii. 

 Grallse. 

 Tubinares. 

 Gavio-Limicolse. 

 Colymbo-Podicipes, 

 Impennes. 



These suborders may be distinguished from each otlier by 

 the following osteological characters : — 



A. Wing-bones rounded ; first digit of manus 

 distinct ; scapulars narrow ; tarsus long, 

 witli the three metatarsals indistinguish- 

 able, except at the ends. 

 a. Posterior processes of the ilia widely 

 separated, disclosing the broad flat 

 sacrum. 

 fl\ Coracoids without subclavicular pro- 

 cesses. 

 tt^. Bifurcation of nasals schizorhiual , Cbyptubi. 

 b^. Bifurcation of nasals holorhinal . . Gallinje. 

 b^. Coracoids with subclavicular pro- 

 cesses, 

 c^. Dorsal vertebrae heteroccelous. 

 a^. Bifurcation of nasals schizo- 

 rhmal. 

 «*. Basipterygoid processes pre- 

 sent, but (to exclude Grus 

 antigone, which occasionally 

 possesses them) lateral oc- 

 cipital fontanelles absent. 

 ffl\ Basal phalanx of hallux as 



long as those of other digits. CoLrMB^, 



I 



