Ornithology of Northern Borneo. 193 



so far as Borneo is concernerl, to the bird of tlie higher por- 

 tion of Kina Balu^ as it is more likely to be the same as the 

 species from high Sumatra than is the bird of the lower level. 

 It will, however, be impossible to determine the question 

 until the male of the true P. montanus is known. 



The diagnosis of P. chier'eigula is as follows : — 



Similis P. montane, sed gutture et regione parotica cinera- 

 ceis nee nigris distinguendus. Long. tot. 6"8, culmin. 0*5, 

 alse 3"1, caudse 3*5, tarsi 0"55. 



It will thus be seen that the only diflFerence between P. 

 cinereigula and P. montayms lies in the ashy-grey throat and 

 ear-coverts of the former, and it might be thought that 

 P. cinereigula was only a male of P. montanus in an inter- 

 mediate stage of plumage. Luckily, however, we know that, 

 in the genus Pericrocotus, when the young males moult from 

 the first female-like dress they pass at once to the full plu- 

 mage of the male, and assume the black throat straight off. 

 As in every respect the type of P. cinereigula is fully adult, 

 and perfectly black and red in other parts of the plumage, 

 there is no reason to suppose that the bird is otherwise than 

 in full dress. It will be seen, also, that the elevations 

 inhabited by the two species are quite diflPerent. 



[Iris dark hazel ; bill and feet black. I shot this bird 

 along with specimens of P. xanthogaster. The two species 

 were mingled together in flocks, and it was only on picking 

 up the birds that I discovered that there were two kinds. 

 It was not seen above 3000 feet.] 



48. Pericuocotus montanus. 



Pericrocotus montanus, Salvad. Ann, Mus. Civic. Genov. 

 xiv. p. 205 (1879). 



a, b. S ad. Kina Balu, Feb. 1, 1888. 

 c, d. ? ad. Kina Balu, Feb. 21, 1888. 

 e. S ad. Kina Balu, March 1, 1888. 



The males have the wing 3"05-3'l inches, and the females 

 3"05. This species is very closely allied to P. lorayi of Perak 

 {cf. Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 269, pi. xv.), but the latter has 

 the inner quill-lining orange, whilst in P. montanus it is ver- 



SER. VI. VOL. I. O 



