372 Mr. E. Hartert on some Species of 



any rufous markings in adult males/^ We find, conse- 

 quently, C. atripennis included in the synonyms of C. ma- 

 cruriis. Sorry as I am to disagree, even in the slightest 

 point, with a zoologist like Mr. Blanford, I cannot help 

 recognizing differences between C. atripennis and C. macrurus. 

 In the former the white spot beyond the middle o£ the second 

 primary is separated in the middle, that on the inner web 

 not reaching the shaft, while in the latter it is continuous, 

 that on the inner web reaching, or broadly touching, the shaft. 

 In the grand series in the British Museum is, I believe, only 

 one skin of C. macrurus typicus in which the white spot on 

 the second primary is separated in the middle, and it is con- 

 tinuous in none of those of C. atripennis. The crown of the 

 head in C. atripennis seems to be of a somewhat finer mottling, 

 and the black spots are more strictly confined to a limited line 

 along the middle of the head, while they are not so median, but 

 rather scattered over the centre parts of tlie head, in typical 

 C. macrurus. In well -prepared skins I find this character very 

 constant, though it is not a very striking one to the casual 

 observer. However, the spots are also very mesial in the 

 large and pale C. macrurus albonotatus, and there is a skin 

 in the Hume collection " the size of C. atripennis, but with 

 the coloration of C. albonotatus" {Blanf or d,\. c). Under 

 these circumstances, and bearing in mind that C. albonotatus is 

 only subspecifically diff'erent from C, macrurus typicus, we may 

 admit that intergradations take place between C albonotatus 

 and C. atripennis, and may also assume that the latter inter- 

 grades with C. macrurus typicus, though this is not very 

 comprehensible geographically. Therefore, I believe, C. atri- 

 pennis must be added to the subspecies of C macrurus, but 

 I, for ray part, shall never allow it a quiet rest among the 

 synonyms of the latter. 



In studying these forms I find, further, that the inter- 

 mediate forms between C. albonotatus. Tick., from North 

 India, and C. macrurus, Horsf., typicus, from the Malay 

 Peninsula, Burma, Assam, and the Eastern Himalayas, form 

 a rather definite group of well-marked geographical limi- 

 tation, such forms not being known from Java, Borneo, and 



