610 Messrs. Sclater and Mackworth-Praed on [Ibis. 



Pyrrhulauda leucotis melanocephala. 



Pyrrhulauda melanocephala (Liclit.) ; Shelley, B. A. iii. 

 p. 90 ; Butler, Ibis, 1905, p. 311, 1908, p. 216. 



Pyrrhulauda lacteidorsalis Shelley; Butler, Ibis, 1905, 

 p. 313. 



[B. coll.] 2 Gedaref May Kas. ; 18 Khartoum Feb. Apl. 

 May July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. 



[C. & L. coll.] 6 near Sennar Dec. Sen. ; 6 White Nile 

 lat. 14° & 15° N. Jan., 1 Kaka Jan., 2 Reiik Mch. 

 U.N. 



P. I. melanocephala is the prevailing form at Khartoum ; 

 some birds, however, are intermediate, showing an approach 

 to P. I. leucotis in the blackening of the lesser wing-coverts. 

 The examples from Gedaref and three of those from Khar- 

 toum in the Butler series show this feature. The range of 

 this race extends westwards to Senegambia, whence came 

 the type. There are good typical examples in the Museum 

 from Northern Nigeria. 



In Abyssinia and on the upper Nile from Fashoda south- 

 wards this race is replaced by P. L leucotis. The bird listed 

 from Mongalla is undoubted P. I. leucotis ; the two from 

 Wau are probably so, but are too young to be identified 

 with certainty. 



P. lacteidorsalis is certainly nothing but a pale variation 

 (see Butler, Ibis, 1905, p. 314). We have examined the 

 type in the Tring Museum. 



Pyrrhulauda frontalis frontalis. 



Pyrrhulauda frontalis Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. 1850 

 p. 512: Nubia; Butler, Ibis, 1905, p. 310. 



Pyrrhulauda butleri Shelley, Bull. B. O, C. xiii. 1903, 

 p. 73 : nr. Omdurman. 



[B. coll.] 1 Shendi Mch. Bar. ; 1 Fatasha Feb., 

 3 Omdurman Mch. Nov. Kh. ; 2 Hashaba May, 

 Kor. 



[C. & L. coll.] 4 White Nile lat. 15° N. Jan. U.N. 



W^e have examined the type of P. butleri and are satisfied 

 that it is identical with P. f. frontalis. 



