1918.] the Birds of the Anglo- Egyptian Sudan. 689 



There seem to be three races of iE. lugens as follows : — 



1. CE. L. HALOPHiLA. White on inner web of primaries 

 not extending to the shaft. Back of head in adults clean 

 white or nearly so. Wing averages 90 mm. 



Range. Algeria, Tripoli, and Cyrenaica. 



2. CE. L. LUGENS. White on inner web of primaries ex- 

 tending to shaft. Otherwise like (E. I. halophila, but slightly 

 larger. Wing 89-96 mm. 



Range. Palestine to Egypt. 



3. (E. L. PERsiCA. Very like CE. I. halophila, with very 

 little white on the primaries, but with a darker back to the 

 head in adults and usually redder under tail-coverts. Size 

 larger, wing usually over 95 mm. The white on the 

 primaries is usually not so pure. 



Range. E. Persia etc. to Egypt and the Sudan in winter. 

 All the Egyptian specimens before us with little white 

 on the primaries are referable to this race and not to 

 (E. I. halophila, though this last-named race is said to have 

 been obtained in Egypt by Nicoll. 



(Enanthe hispanica melanoleuca. 



Muscicapa melanoleuca Giildenstadt, Nov. Comm. Petrop. 

 xix. 1775, p. 468, pi. 15 : Georgia, Caucasus, 



Saxicola aurita and >S^. melanoleuca apud Butler, Ibis, 

 1905, pp. 338, 339, 1908, p. 234, 1909, p. 398. 



[B. coll.] 2 Port Sudan Apl., 7 Gebeit Mch , 1 Khor 

 Arbat May, 1 Halfaia Mch. R S. ; 9 Khartoum Oct. 

 Feb. Mch. Apl. ; 1 Fachi Shoya Nov., 1 Hillet Abbas 

 Dec. W.N. ; 1 Jebel Ahmed Aga Feb. U.N. 



[C. & L. coll.] 3 Sennar Dec, 4 Kamisa Dec. Sen. ; 

 1 White Nile lat. 14° N. W.N. ; 1 Tonga Feb., 

 1 Melut Jan. U.N. 



Both white-throated and black-throated males are found 

 among these Chats, and we presume that they must now be 

 regarded as phases or dimorphic forms of the same species. 

 The evidence certainly seems very strong. 



SER. X. VOL. VI. 3 c 



