124 Recently published Ornithological Works. 



recorded as occurring witliin the limits of the Kingdom oi 

 the Netherlands, of which 57 are counted as residents, 96 as 

 summer visitors, 68 as winter visitors, and 94 as occasional 

 visitors. The summary of previous publications on the birds 

 of Holland, which is prefixed to Mr. Blaauw's list, is likewise 

 very useful. 



We notice that Alauda cristata, a rare straggler in England, 

 is reckoned as a permanent resident in Holland, ^' breeding 

 in the dunes and heather districts.^^ 



3. Gadow's " Aves " in Bronn's ' Thier-Reich.' 



[Dr. H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Keichs wissen- 

 schaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Seclister Band. Vierte Ab- 

 tlieilung : Vogel : Aves. 42-49 Lief. Von Hans Gadow. Leipzig u. 

 Heidelberg, 1893.] 



Since we last noticed the '' Aves " of Bronn^s ' Thier- 

 Reich ' (Ibis, 1892, p. 562) three more parts, containing 

 numbers 42 to 49, have been issued to complete the work, 

 of which Dr. Gadow has kindly sent us the last half -sheet 

 (containing the summary of his system) as a convenient 

 reminder. It was indeed time that the task commenced in 

 1869 should be brought to a conclusion, and we are truly 

 grateful to Dr. Gadow for having taken it up when long 

 forsaken, and finished it. The " Aves " of Bronn's ' Thier- 

 Reich ' may now be bound up and placed on our bookshelves, 

 where the ornithologist will find it a most useful work of 

 reference. 



The three final numbers of the " Aves " are devoted to 

 the classification of Birds, and commence with a historical 

 summary of previous systems, from that of Linnseus in 1735 

 to that of Sharpe in 1891. Dr. Gadow then states at full 

 length what he considers as ascertained characters of taxo- 

 nomic importance, and gives a series of tables showing how 

 these characters vary in the different groups. The whole of 

 these groups are then taken up one after the other, com- 

 mencing with Archatopteryx and ending with the Oscines, 

 and full particulars of their principal characters are given. 

 A chapter on geographical distribution follows, and the work 



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