270 Prof. R. Collett on the Occurrence 



of it are now preserved in several of the museums of this 

 country^. 



The winter visitors usually appear in October, and most 

 of the specimens hitherto examined have been obtained 

 during the period from October to December. They consist 

 of both young of the year and adults. Of the latter 

 some are one-year-old individuals, which still (in the second 

 winter) continue to bear their grey plumage, and some are 

 in full summer-plumage, or changing from it to the grey 

 winter-plumage of the third year. 



During their visits to the Norwegian coasts these birds, 

 on some occasions, penetrate to the interior of the southern- 

 most fjords (for instance, the Christiania fjord) ; but most 

 of them appear to stop on the northern shores. Thus they 

 were very numerous in the neighbourhood of Tromso and 

 several other places to the north of the Polar Circle during 

 the winter of 1892-93, but only a small number, which were 

 shot and offered to museums, were preserved. They also 

 appear to be numerous during the present winter, 1893-94, 

 in some places perhaps even more common than C. glacialis. 

 They disappear, as a rule, during the spring and summer, 

 although it is not improbable that stray individuals pass the 

 summer without breeding on the shores of Norway t- 



Thus the University Museum of Christiania possesses a 

 specimen shot at the end of July in the Varanger fjord. 

 This is a one-year-old bird, still in its worn and bleached 

 young plumage. Hitherto, however, no specimen from 

 Norway has been obtained in full summer-plumage in the 

 middle of summer, although the Museum of Trondhjem has 

 an adult specimen shot in the Trondhjem fjord in May 1869, 



* A preliminary report on this species and its appearance in Norway 

 is published in 'Nyt Mag. f. Naturv.' vol. xxxv. p. 325 (Christiania, 

 1893-94). — R. 0. [See also, as to its occurrence in Great Britain, Sclater, 

 P. Z. S. 1859, p. 206 ; Seebohru, 'Zoologist,' 1885, p. 144 ; and Saunders's 

 ' Manual of B. B.' p. 695.— Ed.] 



t C. glacialis is found during the summer scattered about all along the 

 coasts of Norway down to the Christiania fjord, both j'oung (grey) ones 

 as well as specimens in summer dress, which, however, do not breed, 

 although in nuptial plumage. 



