DEVELOPMENT OF ELEPIIANT'S GKINDERS. 289 



salts ill a rather more opaque state; and the eon version of 

 the capsule into cement goes on, according to the pro- 

 cesses more particularly described in the Introduction to 

 my Odontography^ until a continuous stratum is formed 

 in close connection with the layer of enamel. 



Calcification extending from the numerous centres, the 

 different portions coalesce, and progressively add to the 

 thickness of the cement, until all the interspaces of the 

 coronal plates and the whole exterior of the crown are 

 covered with the bonedike substance. The enamel-pulp 

 ceases to be developed at the base of the crown, but the 

 capsule continues to be formed paH passu with the partial 

 formation of the pulp, as this continues, progressively 

 contracting, from the base of the crown, to form, by its 

 calcification, the roots. The calcification of the capsule 

 going on at the same time, a layer of cement is formed 

 in immediate connection with the dentine. The circum- 

 scribed spaces at the bottom of the socket to which the 

 capsule and dentinal pulp adhere, where they receive 

 their vessels and nerves, and which are the seat of the 

 progressive formation of these respective moulds of the 

 two dental tissues, become gradually contracted, and sub- 

 divided by the further localization of the reproductive 

 forces to particular spots, whence the' subdivision of the 

 base into roots. The surrounding bone undergoes corre- 

 sponding modifications, growing and filling up the inter- 

 spaces left by the dividing and contracting points of 

 attachment of the residuary matrix. All is subordinated 

 to one harmonious law of growth by vascular action and 

 cell-formation, and of molecular decrement by absorption. 

 ]\Iechanical squeezing, or drawing out, has no share in 

 these changes of the pulp or capsule ; pressure at most 

 25 



