320 



INDEX. 



of, and kondylos a protuberance), 



146 

 Ectocuneiforra (Gr. cktos out of, 



and Lat. cuneus a wedge), 170; 



of the hind foot in animals, 185, 



186 

 Ectometatarse (Gr. ektos out of, 



mcta over, and tarsos the palm of 



the hand or foot), 147 

 Ectocnemial ridge (Gr. ektos out of, 



and kneme the knee), 145 

 Ectopterygoid (Gr. ektos sixth, pte- 



ryx a wing, and eidos^ likeness), 



angle of the, 80, 82 et seg. ssepe. 

 Edaphodonts (Gr. dapto to tear, and 



odous a tooth), dental masses of 



the, 250 

 Edentata (Lat. edens eating), skele- 

 tons of the, 152, dentition of the, 



294 

 Elephant; its tarsal bones, 187; 



dentition of the, 238, 289, 259, 



309 ; its skull and teeth, 273 ; its 



tusks and molars, 274 et seq. 

 Enamel of the teeth, 233; of the 



elephant's tooth, 285 

 Endoskeleton (Gr. endos and skeletos 



the inner skeleton), 119 

 Entocalcaneal process (Gr. entos 



within, and Lat. calcaneum the 



heel), 147 

 Entocondyloid cavity (Gr. entos 



within, condylos a protuberance, 



and eidos resemblance), 147 

 Entometatarse (Gr. entos within, 



vieta over, and tarsos, the palm of 



the hand or foot), 147 

 Entopterygoids (Gr. e^itos v/ithin, 



B.nd pterj/ffoidos wing-like), 48, 169 

 Entosternum (Gr. entos within, and 



sternon the breast-bone), 128 

 Epapophysis (Gr. epi above, and 



apophysis springing from), 28 

 Epicnemial ridge (Gr. epini>on, and 



kneme the knee), 145 

 Epidermoid system (Gr. epi upon, 



and dermos the skin), 141 

 Epiphyses (Gr. epi and phuo grow- 

 ing upon), the ossified ends of 



bones, 22 

 Episternal (Gr. epi and sternon on 

 the breast-bone), 128 



Episternum (Gr. ut ante), 128; of 

 the crocodile, 115 



Epitympanic bone (Gr. epi and tym- 

 panon on the drum), 43 



European skull, facial angle of the, 

 224 



Eustachian process (leading from 

 the pharynx to the tympanum, so 

 called from Eustachius the dis- 

 coverer), 169 



Ex-occipitals of the python (Lat. ex 

 from, and occiput the back of the 

 head), 76 



Exoskeleton (Gr. ex and skeletos the 

 outer skeleton), 119 



Jabella (Lat. a little bean) of the 

 sloth, 192 



Facial angle, representations of the, 

 in various animals, 222 ; of the 

 Australian and the European, 224 



Femur (Lat. the thigh-bone) of the 

 crocodile, 120 



Fibula (Lat. fibida the lesser bone 

 of the leg) of the crocodile, 120 ; 

 of the sloth, 198 



Fins of fishes; structure of the, 55 ; 

 the ventral, 62 ; general action of 

 the, ib. 



Fishes, composition of their bones, 

 14; vertebrae of, 33; skeleton of, 

 ih. et seq. ; the first forms of ver- 

 tebrate life, 50; arrangement of 

 bones in their heads, ib. ; modifi- 

 cations of the jaws of, 61 ; their 

 caudal vertebriE, 55; modifica- 

 tions of the fin-rays of, 56 ; oste- 

 ological structure of tlieir heads, 

 ib. ; adaptation of their skull and 

 skeleton to aquatic life, 59, 61 ; 

 action of their fins, 08; their 

 system, 240 ; shedding and dental 

 renewal of the teeth in, 249 



Flying lizard, vertebrae of the, 92 



Foot, distinct bones of the, in dif- 

 ferent mammalia, 185, 186; law 

 of simplification of the, 187 



Foramina (Lat. foramen an open- 

 ing), 80 



