208 Kennard, Habits of the Red-shouldered Haivk. Cjuly 



If they are both killed, and their hunting grounds are good, 

 these are soon occupied by others ; or if one is killed, the other 

 soon returns with a new mate. After I had killed the Hammond 

 Street Hawks in iSSS, Mr. Lowell writes me that in May, 

 1891, he found a nest containing two young birds in this same 

 territory ; and on April S, 1S92, he procured two fresh eggs from 

 the same nest. This would go to show that if there is good 

 hunting territory, whose owners vacate for some reason, it is 

 immediately taken possession of by the young of some of their 

 neighbors. 



Once laying claim to any territory they are exclusive to a 

 degree. This exclusiveness, however, seems to apply to their 

 own species merely, for other Hawks are allowed to hunt in 

 their territories at will. I have known of a Sharp-shinned 

 Hawk's nest being almost within a stone's throw of a Marsh 

 Hawk's nest, and both these nests to be on the borders of a 

 meadow, beside which a pair of Red-shouldered Hawks nested 

 each year. Four times in my life I have known of Cooper's 

 Hawks building either in sight of, or almost beside the nest 

 of a Red-shouldered Hawk. 



In their choice of trees in which to build they show a w r ide 

 diversity and often a strict individuality, and in most cases, a 

 marked love of locality which may be more or less modified by 

 the individuality of the bird. 



In their habits, too, each pair seems to show its own char- 

 acteristics, some being shy and quiet, others very noisy and 

 easily approached. I noticed, too, that those Hawks whose 

 hunting grounds are thickest and contain the best timber and the 

 most evergreen trees are most apt to winter with us ; for 

 instance, the Putterham pair are almost always to be found and 

 heard winter as well as summer, while the Hammond Street pair, 

 whose grounds are bleak, are almost never to be found during the 

 winter. While many of these Hawks stay with us all the year 

 round, I believe there is a certain migratory movement among 

 them, for I know thev become less in number in winter, and the 

 only reasonable inference is that some of them go South. During 

 the past winter, iS93-'94, until Feb. 22, when I again saw one 

 of the Putterham birds, I have failed to see any of these Hawks, 

 thousrh often in the field. Even the Putterham birds seem to 



