598 FISHES. 



Amblypharyngodon. — Scales small; lateral line incom- 

 plete. Dorsal fin without an osseous ray, with not more than 

 nine branched rays, commencing a little behind the origin of the 

 ventrals. Head of moderate size, strongly compressed ; eye with- 

 out adipose membrane ; snout with the integuments very thin ; 

 there is no upper lip, and the lower jaw has a short labial fold 

 on the sides only. Mouth anterior, somewhat directed upwards, 

 with the lower jaw prominent. Barbels none. Gill-rakers ex- 

 tremely short ; pseudobranchia^. Pharyngeal teeth molar-like, 

 with their crowns concave, 3. 2. l.-l. 2. 3. Intestinal tract 

 narrow, with numerous convolutions. 



Three species of small size from tlie Continent of India. 



To the same group belong Luciosoma, Nuria, and Aiohyo- 

 cypris, from the same geographical region. 



VI. Semiplotina. — Anal Jin short, with seven branched 

 rays, not cxiencling forwards to helow the dorsal. Dorsal fin 

 elongate, with an osseous ray. Lcderal line running along the 

 middle of the tail. Mouth sometimes with barbels. 



Two genera : Cyprinion, from Syria and Persia, and Semi- 

 plotus from Assam. 



VII. Xenocypridina. — Ancd fni rather short, with seven 

 or more branehed rays, not extending forwards to below the 

 dorsal fin. Dorsal short, witli an osseous ray. Lateral line 

 running (dong the middle of the tail. Mouth sometimes with 

 barbels. Fharyngcal teeth in a trip)le or double series. 



Three genera : Xenocypris and Paraeanthobrama from 

 China ; and Mystacoleueus from Sumatra. 



VIII. Leuciscina. — Anal fin short or of moderate length, 

 ivithfrom eight to eleven branched rays, not extending forwards 

 to below the dorscd. Dorscd fin short, without osseous ray. 

 Lateral line, if complete, running along, or nearly in, the middle 

 of the tail. Mouth generally without barbels. Pharyngeal teeth 

 in a single or double series. 



Leuciscus. — Body covered with imbricate scales. Dorsal 



