134 Howell, Summer Birds of Northern Georgia. [April 



but was shown a nest in a tree at Young Harris which closely resembled 

 nests of this species. It is recorded as a breeder by Gerhardt. 1 



Astragalinus tristis. American Goldfinch. — Common in small flocks; 

 seen up to 4500 feet on Brasstown Bald. 



Coturniculus savannarum australis. Grasshopper Sparrow. — Several 

 noted and one taken at Young Harris. 



Spizella passerina. Chipping Sparrow. — Common in the valleys and 

 on the mountains to 4500 feet. 



Spizella pusilla. Field Sparrow. — Common in the valleys and on 

 the lower slopes of the mountains. 



Junco hyemalis carolinensis. Carolina Junco. — Common on Brass- 

 town Bald and Rich Mountain above 3500 feet altitude. The latter 

 locality probably marks their southern limit quite closely, since they were 

 not found on Grassy Mountain, slightly farther south. Both adults and 

 young were collected. 



Peucaea aestivalis bachmani. Bachman Sparrow. — One was seen at 

 Tate in dry oak woods; evidently rare in this region. Has been recorded 

 as breeding at East Point, near Atlanta. 2 A specimen was shot at Rising 

 Fawn, Georgia, Aug. 21, 1885, by J. T. Park and identified by Dr. C. Hart 

 Merriam. 



Pipilo erythrophthalmus. Towhee. — Common at Young Harris and 

 on Brasstown Bald, where it ranges to the very summit. At Ellijay it was 

 scarce, and only two or three pairs were noted in the valleys. The only 

 one seen farther south was on Grassy Mountain at about 3000 feet. Speci- 

 mens were taken at Ellijay and Young Harris. 



Smith, in his list of birds of Kirkwood, states that this species is not 

 known to breed there, but in a report sent to the Biological Survey he men- 

 tions seeing a single bird there on June 25, 1903. The Towhee breeds on 

 Lookout Mountain in northwest Georgia, as indicated by a report received 

 by the Biological Survey from J. T. Park, who found the species in July, 

 1884, on the mountain near Rising Fawn. Gerhardt 3 records this species 

 as nesting in bushes at a height of 4 to 5 feet. 



Cardinalis cardinalis. Cardinal. — Observed rather sparingly in the 

 valleys. 



Zamelodia ludoviciana. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. — One adult male 

 was seen on July 13 in a grove of oaks at Young Harris. They probably 

 breed in small numbers in that region. 



Passerina cyanea. Indigo Bunting. — Common in the valleys and on 

 the mountains to 4000 feet. 



Spiza americana. Black-throated Bunting. — This bird probably 

 does not breed in Georgia at the present time; it seems desirable, however, 

 to record an instance of its nesting in the State in 1883, furnished by J. T. 



1 Naumannia, VI, 1856, p. 1. 



2 W. J. Mills, Wilson Bull., XII, 1905, p. 116. 



3 Naumannia, V, 1855, p. 465. 



