IzlO Merrill on Birdf of Fort Klamath, Oregon. [April 



fewer in number, as my opportunities for collecting tfcem were 

 less favorable, and many species that are certainly to be found at 

 the marsh and lake were not obtained. 



Other species, not included in either paper, are known to occur 

 about the Fort, but I did not obtain specimens of them. Among 

 these may be mentioned the Mountain and Valley Quails, rare as 

 yet, but said to be increasing in numbers and extending their 

 i-ange ; the Pileated Woodpecker, Purple Martin, Sage Grouse, 

 and others. Among the oaks on the western slope of the Cascade 

 Mountains, within about thirty miles, Nuttall's and the California 

 Woodpecker are found, the latter in abundance. 



Unless otherwise stated, my observations were made in the 

 immediate vicinity of the Fort, the altitude of which is 4250 feet. 

 The marsh frequently referred to is at the head of upper Klamath 

 Lake, and about three miles from the Fort ; it covers about 

 eighteen square miles. Klamath Marsh proper is at the head of 

 Williamson's River, and twelve miles to the northeast. Modoc 

 Point is twenty miles south on the Linkville road, on the eastern 

 shore of the upper lake. The elevation of Crater Lake, about 

 the same distance in the opposite direction, is a little more than 

 six thousand feet, but the edge of the Crater, w^hich is the locality 

 referred to when the lake is mentioned, is about nine hundred 

 feet higher. 



The winter was mild and open until the middle of January, 

 when a severe snow storm began and continued, with few inter- 

 missions, until the first of March, the snow at that time being 

 about five feet deep in the valley and very much deeper in the 

 surrounding mountains. During April and May there was much 

 cold and disagreeable weather, cold rains and light falls of snow, 

 and the spring was moi^e backward than usual. 



iEchmophorus occidentalis. Common in the marsh during the breed- 

 ing season, and until late in the autumn. 



Podilymbus podiceps. Nearly as common as the last species, and found 

 with it in the marsh and along the shores of the lake wherever tulesgrow. 



Urinator imber. Several seen at Modoc Point in April and August. 



Larus . Gulls of at least two species were frequently seen on and 



near the lake, and occasionally about the marsh, but I did not obtain any 

 specimens. They arrived late in March, singly and in flocks, and remained 

 to breed on the islands in the lake. 



Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis. Common summer visitor, breeding 

 in small colonies of six or eight pairs, generally near the edges of the 

 marsh, but apparently placing their nests among tules and broken rushes 



