2In8 Merrill on Birds of Fort Klamath, Oregon. [J"ly 



saddled on a horizontal limb, like that of the Wood Pewee, but is not 

 covered with lichens. At Fort Klamath the nests are usually built on a 

 horizontal pine branch, often at a considerable height; sometimes they 

 are placed against upright twigs, at others merely saddled on the bare 

 limb. Only one nest was found in'an aspen tree. They averaged rather 

 deeper than nests of C. virens, and were not coated with lichens. This 

 species and E. obscurus were very abundant until August 17, and during 

 that day also; but in the night there was a sharp frost, and the next day 

 and thereafter none were seen. 



Empidonax pusillus. Arrived about the last of May, and soon became 

 abundant. Its favorite haunts, and to which it seems to be strictly limited, 

 are the young willows growing along most of the streams, just such places 

 as I have observed E. traillii to frequent in the East, and which species it 

 greatly i-esembles in its habits and mode of nesting. 



Empidonax hammondi. A male obtained May 12 and another August 

 16. No nests were found nor were any specimens taken during the breed- 

 ing season, and I am inclined to believe that Hammond's Flycatcher occurs 

 in this vicinity as a migrant only. Early in July, while in the mountains 

 north of the valley and at a height of about five thousand feet, a pair of 

 Empidonaces were observed that were certainly neither pusillus nor 

 obscurus. They may have been hammondi, but I think they were probably 

 difficilis. Unfortunately they were so shy that I was unable to shoot 

 either of them. 



Empidonax obscurus. A very common summer visitor, arriving 

 somewhat earlier than does E. pusillus. During the breeding season 

 Wright's Flycatcher is usually found in groves of aspens in company with 

 the Warbling Vireo ; also among pines with Cassin's Vireo and Richard- 

 son's Pewee. The nests are most frequently built in young aspens at an 

 average height of about six feet. They resemble nests of the Yellow 

 Warbler which are found in the same localities, but all the nests of this 

 Flycatcher that I have found in aspens at Fort Klamath were built against 

 the main trunk, while all of the Warbler were on branches and generally 

 higher from the ground. The nests are composed externally of strips of 

 light gray bark of about the same color as the bark of the aspens, and 

 partly on this account, partly because they are against the trunk of the 

 tree, they are apt to escape notice unless a careful search is made. The 

 lining is sometimes a smooth felted mass of fur and horse hairs, at others 

 feathers are used, and the nests are generally more deeply cupped than is 

 usual with this group. Pairs that are found among the pines usually place 

 their nests in an upright form of a manzanita or buckbrush bush that grow 

 abundantly in such localities. They are more bulky, as a rule, and not 

 so neatly made as when built in aspens, but in other respects are similar. 

 The eggs are dull bufty white ; seven sets of twenty-seven eggs average 

 .68 X .53, the extremes of the sets being .65 X .50 and .72 X .57. 



[A young male with stub tail, and wings only about two-thirds grown, 

 taken July 13, differs from adults only in having the top and sides of head 

 decidedly grayer, the wing-bands lighter and more buffy, and the under- 



