38 HISTORY OF THE FISHES OF MASSACHUSETTS. 



GENUS IX. SEBASTES, Cuv. 



Body oblong, compressed, covered with scales ; all the upper parts of the head also 

 covered with scales. Eyes large ; preoperculum and operculum ending in three or 

 more spines ; branchiostegous rays, seven ; teeth small, numerous, equal in size, placed 

 on both jaws, the vomer, and palatine bones ; a single dorsal fin, partly spinous, partly 

 flexible ; inferior rays of the pectoral fin simple. 



Sebastes Norvegicus, Cuv. 



The Norway Haddock. 



(Plate VII. Fig. 1.) 



Perca Norvegica, Fab., Fauna Groenl., p. 167. 



Pcrca marina, Sea-Perch, Penn., Brit. Zool., p. 226. 



Serranus Norvegicus, Flem., Brit. An., p. 212, sp. 140. 



Scorpazna Norvegica, Northern Sebastes, Jen., Brit. Vert., p. 347. 



Sebastes Norvegicus, Griffith's Cdv., x. p. 144. 



La Sibaste stptentrionale, Sebastes Norvegicus, Cuv. et Val., it. p. 327, pi. 87. 



Scorpana (Sebastes) Norvegica, Northern Sebastes, Rich., Fauna Boreal. Americ, lit. p. 52. 



Sebastes Norvegicus, Bergylt, Norway Haddock, Yakrell, Brit. Fishes (2d edit.), I. p. 87. 



» " Norway Haddock, Rose-Jish, Hemdurgan Snapper, Storer, Report, p. 26. 



" " Northern Sebastes, Dekay, Report, p. 60, pi. 4, fig. 11. 



" " Storer, Mem. Amer. Acad., New Series, II. p. 312. 



" " Storer, Synopsis, p. 60. 



Color. In the recent fish the entire body, together with the fins, is of a beautiful 

 bright red, with the exception of a black blotch upon the posterior portion of the oper- 

 culum. After death the color partially disappears upon the throat and abdomen, and 

 the space beneath the ventrals becomes nearly white ; and at the posterior base of the 

 soft portion of the dorsal a dull blotch is observed. Pupils black ; irides yellow. 



Description. Body oblong, compressed, covered with small rough scales. Length 

 of the head, from the tip of lower jaws when closed, to the posterior angle of the 

 operculum, about one third the entire length ; head flattened above, between the eyes 

 and upon the occiput. The operculum is armed with three spines ; one pointing upwards 

 and backwards at its posterior superior angle ; a second beneath this, directed obliquely 

 backwards and downwards ; and a third, much smaller, at its inferior angle. The 

 preoperculum is rounded at its edge, and furnished with five spinous processes ; the 

 three posterior of which are the larger. Two spines upon the scapular bones, and two 

 upon the suborbitars. Four spinous projections upon the supra-orbitars, all of which 

 are pointed backwards ; one at the upper anterior angle of the eye ; a second with 

 its base continued along the greater portion of the ridge ; and two smaller ones behind. 



