46 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 



side of the " Stolp," comes BoJuhnya Bukhta, as the ii:»me iudicates. tlie largest of these 

 bays, followed by three small ones, viz, Stttritchlcnrm/n, /)fl7««(/fl. and Nerpitcha. In 

 Bolshaya Bukhta the hauling-ground is mostly (-oarse gravel with water-worn stones, 

 up to the size of a fist, strewn over the surface and here and theie with large bowlders 

 which liave fallen down from the overhanging' cliffs. The grounds of the bays to the 

 eastward, on the other hand, are stony reefs of the stratified rock of whicli Copper 

 Island is mainly built up. 



NerpitcM. Bukhta is easily recognized by a graceful waterfall, which overleaps 

 the bluff in a fall more than 200 feet high. It must not be confouiuled with another 

 waterfall, yet to be described, which forms the characteristic feature of the Jiauliiig- 

 ground s])ecifically named Vodopad. 



Beyond Nerjiitcha the bluffs again rise so abruptly as to allow no passage along tlie 

 beach beneath them; hence the name of this projecting Ithxff — Nepropml: Jietweeu 

 this point and the next a long rocky reef represents the beach; but the bhiffs become 

 gradually lower toward the middle, where a little creek has cut a V-shaped valley aud 

 falls over the comparatively low escarpment iu a beautiful cascade G.5 feet high (pi. 4.5). 

 From this waterfall the part of the beach between these points is named Vixhqxtd and 

 the cape termiiuxting it to the east Yodopadsld Mijs. 



This Vodopadski (Jape, with its outlying rocks, is the extreme southern point on 

 this part of the coast. It is the promontory seen farthest to the southeast from all 

 points of the coast to the north of it and farthest to the northwest from all points 

 south of it, although it projects but very slightly beyond a line through the westernmost 

 of these p oints. 



From Vodopadski Mys the coast trends a little northward again, being similar in 

 character — viz, a narrow reefy aud locky beach at the foot of the steep l>lufls. It is 

 followed by a slight indentation, from which the ascent is so steep and dillicult that 

 it has received the name Krepliaya Pad (the hard valley). It is followed farther east 

 by another Nejn'opiisk. Beyond this, a narrow strip of beach is called MaUnlia 

 Jiuklita, the "bay" being chiefiy due to the projecting reefs at both ends. It is the 

 last beach upon which seals have re(ji(larli/ hauled up at Karabelni, and is called the 

 "little bay," in contradistinction to the large bay immediately to the east, which is 

 often called 15ol.shaya Bukhta instead of Serodla — a i)ractice to be discouraged, as it 

 gives rise to confusion with the hauling-ground adjoining the Stolp. 



A glance at the accompanying maj) (pi. 11) and the photographs of this rookery 

 (pis. 38 to 40) will show how exceedingly difficult the taking of the skins must be. The 

 bachelors are chiefiy driven from the hauling-grounds at Karabelni Stolp, Vodopad, 

 and formerly Ivrepkaya Pad and Malinka Bukhta. 



Prom the Stolp the seals are driven northward along the beach of Martishina 

 Bukhta beyond the promontory, which can only be passed by low water, on to the 

 beach of the rather wide and gently curving Stolhoroj/a Bulhta. If the number of 

 seals is so insignificant that the skins can be easily carried on the back and the meat 

 is not wanted in Karabelni village, then they are driven across the little rivulet whicli 

 here runs into the sea and are killed on the beach just west of it. The carcasses are 

 left at the water's eilge for the waves to carry off. 



The drircway to Karabelni over the mountains is a long and very hard one, being 

 fully 2J miles long. 



In order to facilitate the ascent up the coast escarpment a stairwai/ has been built 



