144 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES. 



cells. The septa posterior to somite xiv again are not much cupped, but each one is 

 lined on each side by a single layer of very thick tall peritoneal cells (fig. 153). 



Alimentary canal. Pharynx is furnished with a large upper chamber and is 

 apparently only developed superiorly, although it possesses a small subpharyngeal 

 gland close to the ventral nerve cord. 



CEaophagus rises diagonally upwards and joins the single gizzard situated in 

 v. The tubular-intestine extends to xiv. The saccnlated-infestine commences in xv. 

 There is a typhlosole in the dorsal wall of the intestine in xvi to xix. The typhlo- 

 sole presents a network of fibi'es resembling in a general way the structure of a 

 sponge. This typhlosole does, however, not descend into. the canal, but partakes 

 more of the nature of a wide continuous blood-sinus. 



Salivary glands. Tlie suprapharyngeal glands form a mass with five distinct 

 lobes, of which the posterior one, as usual, is the largest and the anterior one the 

 smallest (fig. 149). There is also a subpharyngeal gland very low but rather long 

 (fig. 149). A thin but wide septal gland is found in vi, posterior to the gizzard, 

 while smaller septal glands, which are principally developed ventrally are found in 

 vii and viii. 



Spermatheae consist of two pairs of long and narrow organs in viii and ix 

 opening in the intersegmental grooves between vi and viii and viii and ix. In my 

 specimens they were probably rather undeveloped and did not show any trace of 

 diverticula either externally or in the wall. 



Tastes are in x and xi and ovaries in xiii. The oviduct opens between the 

 setae and septum. Spei-miducal funnels or rosettes are very small, thick and compact, 

 and situated in x and xi. The spermducts run separately backwards between the 

 longitudinal layer and peritoneum and open jointly on the center of xviii as usual. 



Prostates are in four pairs as has been already stated, two and two opening in 

 each pore in line with set* 1 and 2, these setae, however, not being present in these 

 somites (fig. 150). The prostates showed no glandular part, the whole being muscu- 

 lar (fig. 154). They were very thin, tubular, the two prostates in each twin couple 

 running entirely parallel and close together along the septa, as far as the line of setiie 

 3 and 4. A large part of this distance the muscular part is surrounded by regular 

 peritoneal cells, not by the large glandular ones. Each prostate remains separate 

 from the other and even their external pores, though situated close to each other, are 

 not strictly joined, though they are surrounded by a common thicker lip (figs. 150 

 and 151). I have already referred to the duplication of prostates in one species of 

 Kerria, otherwise it has not been found with certainty in Acanthodrilida?. Some of the 

 earliest described Acanthodrilides were, however, supposed to have a prostate and 

 spermducts open jointly, and it does not seem unreasonable to suppose that in some 

 case at least a duplicate prostate existed, and one was mistaken'for a spermduct. This 

 would be quite easily done in specimens poorly preserved, especially if the prostates 

 should be entirely muscular as in Acanthodrilus Vasliti, in which species they are 

 also very narrow and thin and not really wider than the spermducts of many forms. 

 Ude, in describing Oeodrilus singularis from Danville, Illinois, mentions as one of the 



