6 



Life history — Continued. Page. 

 The larval stage — Continued. 



Duration of the stages in the cocoon 37 



Influence of temperature upon the duration of the stage 38 



I^]ffect of the insect upon the fruit 39 



The pupa 39 



Emergence of the moth 39 



The adult insect 40 



How to distinguish the sexes 40 



Habits of the moth 41 



Duration of life of the moth 41 



Generations of the insect 41 



Seasonal history 50 



Emergence of the moth 50 



Relation between the emergence of the moth and the ])lo()ming i)eriod 51 



Hibernation 54 



Evidences of a third generation 55 



Conclusion 56 



Natural conditions which tend to decrease numbers 57 



Natural enemies ■. 57 



Invertebrate enemies 59 



How to combat the insect 60 



Preventive measures 60 



Setting the trees 62 



Pruning 63 



Irrigation 64 



Soil or cover crops 64 



Orchard in bearing 64 



Preparing fruit for the market 65 



Preventive measures in old orchards 67 



Treatment of old on^hards 68 



Remedial measures 69 



Measures of little or no value ■ 69 



Measures of value 72 



Measures used against the larva 72 



Materials for spraying 80 



Cost of spraying 83 



Time and frequency of application < )f siira}' 85 



How the poison kills the insect 86 



The banding system 88 



Expense of banding 91 



When bands may lie used : 92 



Practical tests 92 



Resume and conclusion 96 



Bibliography of the nnjre imjiortanl contributions t:> the literature nf the cixl- 



ling moth 97 



