19 



cent. Sevcnil pear oivhards have been noted which were located in 

 neglected orchards in which there were few or no apples. The second 

 generation of the insect seemed to concentrate its destructiveness on 

 the pears, and in one case full}' S(» per cent and in another about 50 per 

 cent were injured. One fruit grower in Texas reports an injury of 50 

 per cent. 



Cral) apples are not usually so badly infested, but instances have 

 been observed where they suffered full}- as much. 



Many records also show that peaches, prunes, plums, cherries, 

 quinces, and apricots are infested by the codling moth, )>ut under 

 ordinar}" conditions their injury amounts to practicall}" nothing. In 

 cases where there is a lack of apples and the infestation is very 

 abundant considerable damage results. There are records of -!-(» per 

 cent injur}' to peaches where the trees were quite near an apple house 

 in which infested fruit was stored. 



NUT-FEEDING HABITS. 



There are several European records of this insect in wahuits and 

 oak galls. In 1S87 Dr. Howard carefully sifted these reports, and 

 concluded that the evidence was not sufficient to definitely prove that 

 the insect ever feeds upon either walnuts or oak galls; and it was 

 highly probable that the larva?, if they Avere larvte of the codling 

 moth, went into the latter for the purpose of spinning their cocoons. 



In 1895 Mr. Adkin exhibited a specimen of 61 yomonella which was 

 bred from a species of chestnut, and in 1896 gave details as to rearing 

 this insect from walnuts, and offers the explanation that these nuts 

 bear fleshy coats, or that the insect was originally a nut feeder. 

 Theobald in 1896 wrote that in his investigations, extended over many 

 years, he had never himself bred CarpocajJua j^omonella from walnuts, 

 but had found both C. splendana and Plodia interpunctella. Mr. West 

 stated that he had also bred the insect from chestnut. 



Dr. Riley in 1869 recorded that he had a specimen of a moth which 

 had been bred from the sweetish pulp of a species of screw bean 

 {Strombocarpa monolca) obtained from the Rocky Mountains. Pro- 

 fessor Cockerel 1 raises the question of the correctness of this record. 

 In 1891 Professor Bruner reported that it is highly probable that the 

 insect feeds in the seed buds of roses. In 1901 the writer carefully 

 searched over many hundreds of these seed buds of roses near a badly 

 infested orchard, and did not succeed in finding a single one that was 

 in any way injured by the codling moth. 



LEAF-FEEDING HABITS. 



Professor Card in 1897 recorded that the young larvae, especially in 

 confinement, nibbled portions of the leaf. The writer has noticed 

 many times leaves that had been eaten where he thought the work 



