21 



observation it is evident that the larvfe do not eat any of these sub- 

 stances. Wiien Paris green was placed under the bands and on the 

 bark and in other places where the larviv spin, it was found that none 

 were killed, even when the poison was abundant, which tends to show 

 that they do not eat of these substances. 



PRIMITIVE FOOD HABITS. 



Writers have indulged in speculation as to the primitive food habit 

 of this insect. The other species of the genus are nut feeders, and 

 Adkins expresses the opinion that this insect was originally such, and 

 that the habit of eating apples was acquired. 



The older writers have said that the insect was probal)ly a leaf 

 feeder. From the experience of Professor Cordley this view appears 

 to be the more probable one. 



WORK OF OTHER INSECTS. 



There are man}- other insects which feed on apples whose work ma}' 

 be taken for that of the codling moth l)y those who are not familiar 

 with the characteristics of the respective insects; but in all instances 

 there are differences in the work and habits of the insects by which 

 they may be easily distinguished. 



The apple iiuujgot {Trypeta pomonellfi). — This insect is quite injuri- 

 ous in the northeastern States, and its work in the apple is characterized 

 by many winding tunnels through 

 the fruit. The larva is footless, 

 and has no distinct head, but tapers 

 toward the front. This maggot is 

 the early stage of one of the two- 

 winged flies. 



The peach twig-horer {Auarxia 

 lineateJJa). — Injury to peaches and 

 plums by this insect is often at- 

 tri])uted to the codling moth, as its 

 second generation feeds in the fruit. 

 The larvie are mu(^h darker red and 

 nuich smaller than those of the cod- 

 ling moth, and the mature larva 

 tapers toward either end (tig. 1). 



The plum curculio {Conot7\(chelus nenuphar). — This insect often 

 attacks apples, but can be easily distinguished ])y the crescent-shaped 

 scar made in &gg laying, by the small punctures caused by the adult 

 in feeding, and by the fact that the larva, though it has a distinct head, 

 is footless. 



The Ind'ian-meal moth {Plodia Interpunctellct). — This insect feeds 

 upon edibles of nearly all kinds — meal, grain, seeds, nuts, dried fruits, 



Fig. 1. — Anarsia lincatflla: a, twig of peach, 

 showing in crotch minute masses of chewed 

 barlv above larval chambers; h, latter much 

 enlargcfi ; e, a larval cell, with contained larva, 

 much enlarged; d, dorsal view of young larva, 

 more enlarged (from Marlatt). 



