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conditions, iiiid it is t'Dimd that TOO trees (in the West, wliere they are 

 eonsiderably hirg'er than trees of the same ag'e in the East) can be 

 easily sprayed in one day. Some fruit growers tell the writer that 

 the}^ have been able, when they found it necessary to work more rap- 

 idh', to spray i)00 trees per day. By a series of observations it has 

 been found that it takes from four to live minutes to till the tank ))}' 

 means of the filling pump, and the same amount of liquid can ])e 

 sprayed out in from thirty to forty minutes, upon from Go to SO trees, 

 depending on their size, using about 2^ gallons per tree. In an irri- 

 gated orchard it is quite desirable that the ground be allowed to 

 become dry before the spraying is begun, an.d thus avoid miring the 

 machine in the soft earth, which will freipiently occur in wet places 

 in the orchard, especially when the tank is full. 



The cost of these complete machines varies with the cost of the 

 engine and pump and their fittings. They can be purchased for from 

 about $200 to $500. The machine with which the writer is most 

 familiar cost $320, which included a $4o wagon and filling pump and 

 attachments at ^20. With good care and proper repairs these machines 

 can be made to last for several years. In a working day of ten hours 

 it was found that a 1^-horsepower engine consumed about 1 gallon of 

 gasoline. Although the initial expense of this outfit is greater than 

 that of the hand-power outfit, it will be found to l)e much cheaper in 

 the end, as the engine can be made to more than pay for itself by 

 other uses when spra3'ing is not in progress, such as running the cider 

 press, feed cutter, and cream separator, sawing wood, turning the 

 grindstone, and numerous other tasks a])Out a farm for which power 

 is desired. The machinery can also be removed fro!u the wagon and 

 stored in an outhouse and the wagon used for other purposes. 



WATER SUPPLY. 



The distance of the water suppl}^ from the orchard is one of the 

 greatest factors in determining the rapidity with which spraying can 

 be done. With the water supply some distance away much valuable 

 time is lost in going to and fro to fill the tank. In the smaller 

 orchards, where but little spraying is done, the usual custom is to 

 drive the wagon to a ditch, pool, or well, where the water is trans- 

 ferred into the spraying tank with buckets. Many fruit growers 

 have found it advantageous to draw their supply of water from an ele- 

 vated tank into which water is pumped by a windmill or piped from 

 some spring or stream. For irrigated orchards the water is usually 

 taken direct from the irrigating ditches, sometimes from the main 

 ditch and sometimes from the lateral ditches running through the 

 orchard. By taking the water from these laterals in the orchard the 

 routes of the spraying apparatus in operation can be largely deter- 

 mined, the foreman trying at all times to be near one of them when 



