92 



in September is unnecessar}" in southern Idaho and practicall}^ all of 

 the Pacific northwest, as very few moths emerge after this time. 

 After the fruit has been picked and carried off, the bands should be 

 removed, all the larva? in them or on the trees killed, and the bands 

 stored, because if the}^ are left in the orchard they will soon rot. 



WHEN BANDS MAY BE USED. 



Bands ma}' be used to great advantage in an orchard bearing its first 

 crop, which is but little infested. Many growers whose orchards are 

 more or less isolated and but little infested use the banding system as 

 a means of control. One of these is Mr. I. B. Perrine, of Bkie Lake, 

 Idaho, who has had great success in keeping the injury in the worst 

 infested section of his orchard down to less than 3 per cent. 



The most important use of the bands is as an adjunct to spraying in 

 a badly infested orchard when it is desired to bring the codling moth 

 under control in that orchard, or in general practice when the trees 

 are large and the spraying can not be well done on account of either 

 the inefficiency of the spraying machine or the height of the trees. 

 However, the writer, by many extensive experiments, has clearly 

 demonstrated that when four or five sprayings are made with tlie 

 gasoline power outfit, and the spraying solution is thoroughly applied 

 at the right time, banding is unnecessary. In orchards where spray- 

 ing is the only remedial measure used it is advisable to keep bands on 

 four or five normal trees, killing the larvffi at stated intervals and 

 recording the results, so that the band record may act as an indicator 

 for the conditions in the orchard. 



PRACTICAL TESTS. 



The season's work in 1900 ma}' be summed up in saying that the 

 work acconrplished simply outlined the problem of the codling moth 

 in the Pacific northwest. In 1901 the apple crop was so unusually 

 small that all practical tests which had been begun were abandoned, 

 and the time devoted to a study of the life history of the insect and 

 planning a campaign for the following year. It was decided to give 

 the recommendations of previous years a thorough practical test under 

 actual field conditions from the fruit grower's standpoint. Some dif- 

 fi.culty was experienced in obtaining orchards in which to work. 

 Keeping in view the idea that the codling moth is the greatest injuri- 

 ous factor in the commercial orchard, a large amount of work was 

 done in such orchards, the principal part in the orchard of the Wilson 

 Fruit Company, near Boise, Idaho, through the kindness of Hon. 

 Edgar Wilson, and in that of Mr. Fremont Wood. Mr. McPherson's 

 orchard and that of Mr. David Geckler were visited frequently and 

 observations made. There were many orchards in various localities 

 in which no measures were used against the codling moth, and these 

 were used as checks upon the sprayed orchards. In Idaho the injury 



