97 



Remedial measures which are of ^ahie have been found to be spray- 

 ing with arsenites and banding. Spniying by the use of a gasoline- 

 power outfit has pro\'ed to be the most etfective, such spraj'ing, using 

 lime arsenite with soda, having reduced the injur}" in a certain orchard 

 which had previously been from -iO to 60 per cent to 10 per cent. 



By the use of proper preventive measures, spraying and banding, 

 for a numl>er of years, the injury due to the codling moth can be 

 reduced from nearlv 100 per cent to 5 or 10 per cent in an orchard in 

 any locality. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MOST OF THE MORE IMPORTANT CONTRIBU- 

 TIONS TO THE LITERATURE OF THE CODLING MOTH. 



- The following bibliograph}- down to 1898 is practically a duplicate 

 of that pul)lis]ied in Professor Slingerland's Bulletin 1-12, Cornell 

 Agricultural Experiment Station, pages 63-<>!): 



1635. GoEDAERDT. ^Sletamorphosis Naturalis, Vol. I, p. 98, fig. 46. 



Apparently the first published account of the insect. It seems to have escaped notice 

 until 18(54, when Werneburg referred to it in his " Beitrage zur Schmetterlingskunde." 

 Lister added nothing of importance in his Latin edition of Goedaerdt published in 1685. 



1728. Frisch. Beschreibung von AUerley Iiisef-ten in Teutgchland, ])art 7, pp. 

 16-17, PI. X, fig8. 1-5. 



Grotesiivje and yet quite accurate descriptions of moth and larvfe; believed it preferred 

 to work in unhealthy or injured fruits. No definite data on life history. 



1736. Reaumur. Mem. pour servir a L'Histoire des Insects, Vol. 11, pp. 484, 

 496-499, pi. 38, figs. 11, 12, and pi. 40, figs. 1-10. 



Good account of work of larva in fruit and in making its cocoon. Two broods indi- 

 cated. 



1746. RoESEL. Insecten-Belustigung, Vol. I, part 6, Xo. 18, pp. 88-37, pi. 13, 



figs. 1-5. 



In accuracy of detail and coloring the hand-painted figures enual, if not excel, any 

 colored pictures of the in.sect published .since. Good account of original observations 

 upon its life history; thought the newly hatche 1 larva sometimes entered the fruit beneath 

 the eggshell, and that tlie worms .sometimes left one apple and ^\^'nt to another fresh 

 one. One brood indicated. All stages, except the egg, well described. •• 



1747. Wilkes. The English Moths and Butterflies, Book I, class 1, p. 5, no. 9, 



pi. 65 (copies of Roesel's figures). 



Probably the first English account; brief compilation from Roesel. Gave to the insect 

 its name of " codling moth," from the codling tree, which is also figured. 



1758. LiNNE. Systema Xatura\ Ed. X, p. 538, no. 270. Tinea pomonella, "Alis 

 nebulosis postice macula rubra aurea." 

 Original description of the insect when it received its first scientific name. 



1791. Brahm. Insektenkalender, Vol. II, p. 465. 



Brief account with many earlier references. Common and sometimes destructive in 

 orchards; and records its habits in fruit rooms. 



1802. De Tigny. Historie Xat. des Insectes, Vol. IX, p. 256. 



Largely a compilation £rom Reaumur and Roesel. Says eggs are laid on fruit before 

 petals fall. 



1805. Bechstein and Scharfenberg. Natur. der Schad. Forstinsekten, Part III, 

 pp. 753-7^5. 



Mostly a compilation from Roesel and Brahm. 



1818. HtJBNER. Yerz. Bekannt. Schmett, p. 375. 

 6514— No. 41—03 7 



