98 



1819. TrFTs. Massachusetts Agricultural Repository aud Journal, Vol. V, 364-367. 



Apparently the first account of the insect in American literature. Previous American 



writers had credited the plum curcnlio with the, cause of "wormy apples." Records 



some original breeding experiments by which he wa-s led to conclude that the cause of 



most of the wormy apples in Massachusetts was a moth, and not a beetle or curculio. ' 



1825. Thatcher. American Orchardist, second edition, p. 116. 



Records finding the worms on the trunks of trees, and therefore advises scraping off the 

 rough bark and washing trunks with Forsyth's composition. Apparently the first notice 

 of the insect in horticultural books, and the first one to make any recommeudatious iur 

 controlling the insect. 



1826. KiRBY and Spence. Introduction to Entomology, III, p. 123. 



1829. Treitsciike. Die Schmetterlinge von Europa, Vol. VIII, pp. 161-163, 



Many references to earlier literature. Descriptions. Brief compiled account of life 

 history. 



1831. Curtis. Brit. Entom., YIII, pi. 352. 



1833. "RusTicus." Entomological Magazine, Vol. I, pp. 144-146. 



A A'ery good detailed account of the life habits of the insect. Eggs laid in the calyx 

 cup. One brood. Apparently the first important article in the English literature. 



1833. BorcHE. Garten-Insekten,' pp. 113-114. 



Brief compiled descriptions ai;d account of habits. All that can be done to control it is 

 to collect and feed out all wormy fruit as fast as it falls. 



1834. STEPHEN'S. 111. Brit. Ent. Haust., IV, p. 119. 



1837. ScHMiDBERGER. In KoUar's Naturg. der schiid. Insecten. (For English 



translation see Loudon and West wood's edition of KoUar, pp. 229-232, date 

 1840). 



Good general account. Two broods indicated. (He published an earlier and more 

 com^plete account in his Xatur. der Obst. schiid. Insecten, to which we have not had 

 access.) 



1838. Westwood. Gardiner's Magazine, Vol. XIV, pp. 234-239. 



Mostly a good compilation from the accounts by Reaumur and " Rusticus." One brood 

 indicated. 



1840. BuRRELLE, New England Farmer, Vol. XVIII, no. 48, June 3, p. 398. "On 

 the Curculio." 



Records breeding the moth. One brood only. Apparently the first one to suggest the 

 famous "banding" method. 



1840. Ratzeburg. Die Forst-Insecten, Vol. II, pp. 234-236, pi. 14. fig. 7. 



Very good general account. Believes there is but one brood in North Germany, and 

 doubts Schmidberger's account of two broods in South Germany. 



1841. Harris. Insects of Massachusetts, pp. 351-355. (In the editions of 1852 



and 1862 no change occurs.) 



Very good general account. Only one brood indicated. 



1843. Gaylord. Trans. N. Y. State Agr. Soc, p. 158. 



Brief account with Westwood's figure. Recommends allowing swine to run in orchard. 

 Insect then common in New England, but very rare in the Middle States. 



1844. Low. Schadliche Insecten, pp. 239-241. 



Largely a compilation from Roesel, with good discussion of remedies. 



1845. Downing. Fruits and Fruit-trees, p. 66. 



Brief account. 



1846. Morris, Miss. ("Old Lady.") American Agriculturist, Vol. V, February, 



pp. 65-66. 



Good account, with original observations, and illustrated by what is probably the first 

 original figure of the insect to appear in American literature. 



1849. Cole. American Fruit Book, p. 89. 



Brief account. Reports it numerous in New England and along the seaboard, and 

 becoming more common in the Middle States. 



