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prove that they are destructive, as they may live upon the dead and 

 decaj'ing older leaves or they may simply inhabit the burrows made by 

 other insects. The practical farmer will probably be able to meet their 

 depreciations I)}' the same measures that have been recommended for 

 those species with which we are the most familiar, at least until a more 

 extended study can be made and more light thrown on their habits. 



CONCLUSION. 



In the foregoing it has been the aim of the writer to so present this 

 subject as to enable the farmer to distinguish some of the more obscure 

 enemies of his crops and prevent a peculiar and subtle shrinkage in 

 the protits of his labors, and one that he can meet in most cases by 

 simple measures that cost nothing except the time consumed in carry- 

 ing them out during seasons or days of comparative inactivity on the 

 farm. Not all of the ravages in the wheat fields arc due to the Hessian 

 fly, and, indeed, the crop reports are usually wholly unreliable in respect 

 to the actual occurrence of this insect, except it be in cases of over- 

 whelming numbers. One of the most practical preventive measures 

 that can be applied against the Hessian fly will also prove of value in 

 warring against these other pests, viz, late seeding of fall wheat in 

 autumn; and a second measure, that of rotation of crops, will be found 

 almost as valuable. Fighting insects demands a better system of 

 farming, which of itself will pay in other directions, and the American 

 farmer must calculate upon insect depredations as no small element in 

 his business. Of what use is it to rear two blades of grass where but 

 one grew before if he is to lose l)oth of them by reason of insect attack? 

 It is not the farm but the profits thereof that are lost through the 

 devastations caused by injurious insects, and it costs the American 

 farmer more to feed these insidious foes than it does to educate his 

 children. 



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