﻿112 
  Dr. 
  G. 
  C. 
  Crampton's 
  Notes 
  on 
  the 
  Ancestry 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  representatives 
  of 
  the 
  Mecoptera 
  and 
  their 
  alUes, 
  will 
  soon 
  

   definitely 
  determine 
  the 
  ultimate 
  affinities 
  of 
  these 
  insects. 
  

  

  The 
  Trichoptera 
  are 
  extremely 
  closely 
  related 
  to 
  the 
  

   Neuroptera, 
  and 
  were 
  classed 
  with 
  them 
  by 
  the 
  earher 
  

   entomologists. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  the 
  Trichoptera 
  are 
  

   quite 
  closely 
  related 
  to 
  the 
  Mecoptera 
  also, 
  and 
  are 
  derived 
  

   from 
  the 
  Mecopteron 
  stem 
  by 
  Handhrsch 
  1909 
  {I.e.) 
  who, 
  

   strange 
  to 
  say, 
  represents 
  the 
  Dipteron 
  fine 
  of 
  descent 
  as 
  

   though 
  branching 
  off 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  stem 
  at 
  a 
  lower 
  point, 
  

   whereas 
  the 
  Trichoptera 
  are 
  morphologically 
  more 
  primi- 
  

   tive 
  than 
  the 
  Diptera 
  and 
  have 
  retained 
  certain 
  features 
  

   which 
  were 
  probably 
  present 
  in 
  the 
  ancestors 
  of 
  the 
  Diptera. 
  

   Packard, 
  1883 
  (Third 
  Rpt. 
  U.S. 
  Ent. 
  Commission, 
  p. 
  295), 
  

   who 
  derives 
  the 
  Diptera 
  from 
  the 
  Trichoptera, 
  groups 
  the 
  

   Mecoptera, 
  Trichoptera 
  and 
  Neuroptera 
  together 
  in 
  his 
  

   order 
  " 
  Neuroptera," 
  and 
  traces 
  the 
  Trichopteron 
  fine 
  of 
  

   development 
  to 
  a 
  Mecopteron 
  stem, 
  thus 
  agreeing 
  with 
  

   Handhrsch's 
  derivation 
  of 
  the 
  Trichoptera. 
  On 
  the 
  basis 
  

   of 
  the 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  ovaries, 
  Emery 
  groups 
  the 
  Tricho- 
  

   ptera 
  with 
  the 
  Coleoptera 
  Adephaga, 
  Neuroptera, 
  Meco- 
  

   ptera, 
  Lepidoptera, 
  Diptera 
  and 
  Hymenoptera 
  as 
  " 
  Metabola 
  

   ovariis 
  meroisticis 
  " 
  {teste 
  Handhrsch), 
  thus 
  essentially 
  agree- 
  

   ing 
  with 
  the 
  view 
  here 
  expressed, 
  save 
  that 
  the 
  Coleoptera 
  

   are 
  not 
  included 
  with 
  these 
  insects. 
  Sharp, 
  1889, 
  according 
  

   to 
  Handhrsch, 
  designates 
  the 
  insects 
  called 
  " 
  Metabola 
  

   ovariis 
  meroisticis 
  " 
  by 
  Emery, 
  as 
  the 
  " 
  Endopterygota," 
  

   on 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  the 
  internal 
  formation 
  of 
  the 
  wings. 
  Boerner, 
  

   1904 
  {I.e.), 
  groups 
  the 
  Trichoptera, 
  Lepidoptera, 
  Neuroptera, 
  

   Coleoptera 
  and 
  Strepsiptera 
  together 
  as 
  the 
  section 
  " 
  Proc- 
  

   tanura 
  " 
  of 
  his 
  Holometabola. 
  Leach, 
  1817, 
  with 
  his 
  usual 
  

   keenness 
  of 
  insight 
  finks 
  together 
  the 
  Trichoptera 
  and 
  

   Lepidoptera 
  in 
  a 
  group 
  to 
  which 
  Haeckel, 
  1896, 
  applies 
  

   the 
  term 
  " 
  Sorbentia 
  " 
  (one 
  of 
  his 
  six 
  " 
  legions 
  "). 
  As 
  

   was 
  mentioned 
  above, 
  the 
  Trichoptera 
  are 
  very 
  closely 
  

   related 
  to 
  the 
  Neuroptera 
  on 
  the 
  one 
  hand, 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  

   Mecoptera 
  on 
  the 
  other, 
  and 
  were 
  probably 
  descended 
  from 
  

   the 
  Neuroptera-fike 
  ancestors 
  which 
  gave 
  rise 
  to 
  the 
  

   Mecoptera. 
  They 
  are 
  undoubtedly 
  very 
  closely 
  related 
  

   to 
  the 
  Lepidoptera 
  ; 
  but 
  do 
  not 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  much 
  in 
  

   common 
  with 
  the 
  Homoptera, 
  with 
  which 
  Dana, 
  1864, 
  

   groups 
  them 
  in 
  his 
  division 
  " 
  Ampfipens 
  " 
  of 
  the 
  group 
  

   " 
  Ctenoptera." 
  

  

  The 
  Lepidoptera 
  are 
  related 
  to 
  the 
  Trichoptera, 
  Neuro- 
  

   ptera 
  and 
  Mecoptera; 
  but 
  their 
  strongest 
  afihiities 
  are 
  

  

  