﻿The 
  British 
  Species 
  of 
  Andrena 
  and 
  Nomada. 
  245 
  

  

  Nomada 
  fabriciana, 
  I 
  believe, 
  parasitises 
  this 
  species 
  ; 
  

   at 
  any 
  rate, 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  taken 
  entering 
  its 
  burrows. 
  These 
  

   appear 
  usually 
  to 
  be 
  scattered, 
  but 
  I 
  have 
  seen 
  a 
  compact 
  

   colony 
  established 
  in 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  a 
  vertical 
  cutting 
  in 
  a 
  

   roadside 
  bank. 
  It 
  is 
  partial 
  to 
  woodlands 
  and 
  to 
  hedge- 
  

   rows 
  in 
  cultivated 
  districts 
  or 
  meadowland, 
  and 
  seems 
  to 
  

   prefer 
  these 
  to 
  open 
  heaths, 
  though 
  not 
  absent 
  from 
  the 
  

   latter. 
  Normally 
  the 
  $ 
  has 
  the 
  face 
  beneath 
  the 
  antennae 
  

   clothed 
  with 
  pale 
  or 
  whitish 
  hairs, 
  but 
  varieties 
  occur 
  in 
  

   which 
  the 
  pubescence 
  is 
  sooty 
  or 
  dark 
  fuscous. 
  These 
  

   may 
  easily 
  be 
  mistaken 
  for 
  the 
  second 
  brood 
  of 
  gwynana. 
  

  

  Andrena 
  (rimmerana 
  * 
  Auct. 
  is 
  certainly 
  ore 
  of 
  the 
  com- 
  

   monest 
  and 
  most 
  widely 
  distributed 
  of 
  the 
  genus, 
  being 
  

   plentiful 
  in 
  England, 
  Scotland 
  and 
  Ireland. 
  It 
  visits 
  the 
  

   most 
  various 
  plants, 
  holly, 
  sallows, 
  blackthorn, 
  whitethorn, 
  

   and 
  fruit-trees, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  dandelion 
  and 
  daisy, 
  besides 
  

   many 
  garden 
  shrubs 
  of 
  foreign 
  origin. 
  It 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  

   nearly 
  always 
  single-brooded. 
  Generally 
  its 
  burrows 
  are 
  

   scattered 
  over 
  fields 
  or 
  grassy 
  slopes 
  and 
  along 
  hedgebanks, 
  

   and 
  it 
  has 
  a 
  liking 
  for 
  forming 
  these 
  in 
  some 
  existing 
  

   cavity, 
  and 
  may 
  sometimes 
  be 
  seen 
  exploring 
  a 
  rabbit 
  or 
  rat 
  

   hole 
  for 
  this 
  purpose. 
  Everywhere 
  Nomada 
  marshamella 
  

   appears 
  to 
  be 
  its 
  special 
  parasite, 
  except 
  that 
  it 
  also 
  some- 
  

   times 
  attacks 
  the 
  closely 
  allied 
  A. 
  sjnnigera 
  and 
  possibly 
  

   A. 
  bucephala. 
  It 
  has 
  a 
  second 
  parasite, 
  N.flava 
  (considered 
  

   by 
  some 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  variety 
  of 
  ruficornis), 
  which 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  

   been 
  able 
  to 
  discover, 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  pecuhar 
  to 
  it, 
  but 
  is 
  a 
  

   good 
  deal 
  more 
  local 
  than 
  marshamella, 
  and 
  is 
  absent 
  from 
  

   many 
  localities 
  where 
  the 
  host 
  abounds. 
  In 
  some 
  localities 
  

   this 
  Andrena 
  is 
  very 
  commonly 
  found 
  stylopised, 
  in 
  others 
  

   it 
  is 
  very 
  rarely 
  thus 
  affected. 
  

  

  A. 
  spinigera, 
  closely 
  allied 
  to 
  the 
  preceding, 
  is 
  much 
  

   more 
  local 
  and 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  recorded 
  from 
  very 
  many 
  

   localities, 
  nor 
  have 
  I 
  seen 
  any 
  northern 
  examples. 
  It 
  is 
  

   always 
  double-brooded, 
  and 
  occurs 
  in 
  the 
  London 
  district, 
  in 
  

   Surrey, 
  Kent, 
  Suffolk, 
  Essex, 
  Sussex, 
  Hants, 
  Somerset, 
  

   Dorset, 
  Devon 
  and 
  Cornwall, 
  and 
  no 
  doubt 
  other 
  localities. 
  

   Owing 
  to 
  confusion 
  with 
  the 
  next 
  species 
  the 
  records 
  of 
  

   these 
  are 
  not 
  always 
  trustworthy. 
  The 
  bees 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  

   brood 
  are 
  mostly 
  found 
  on 
  sallow 
  and 
  blackthorn, 
  but 
  they 
  

   are 
  fond 
  of 
  fruit-trees 
  in 
  gardens 
  and 
  of 
  various 
  foreign 
  

   shrubs. 
  The 
  second 
  brood 
  (anglica) 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  chiefly 
  

  

  * 
  The 
  type 
  of 
  trimmerana 
  in 
  Kirby's 
  collection 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  species 
  

   commonly 
  so-called, 
  but 
  a 
  $ 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  biood 
  of 
  spinigera. 
  

  

  