﻿252 
  Mr. 
  R. 
  C. 
  L. 
  Perkins 
  on 
  

  

  A. 
  fraecox 
  is 
  closely 
  allied 
  to 
  the 
  preceding, 
  and 
  has 
  the 
  

   same 
  habits, 
  for 
  both, 
  at 
  times, 
  at 
  any 
  rate, 
  form 
  compact 
  

   colonies 
  of 
  considerable 
  extent, 
  and 
  both 
  are 
  pre-eniinently 
  

   attached 
  to 
  Salix. 
  This 
  species 
  is 
  local, 
  but 
  ranges 
  from 
  

   Scotland 
  to 
  the 
  extreme 
  south 
  of 
  England, 
  and 
  is, 
  I 
  think, 
  

   commoner 
  than 
  apicata. 
  It 
  is 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  commons 
  close 
  

   to 
  London, 
  and 
  is 
  locally 
  abundant 
  in 
  Surrey, 
  Kent, 
  Hants, 
  

   Essex, 
  Norfolk, 
  Suffolk, 
  Cambridge, 
  Oxford 
  and 
  Monmouth- 
  

   shire. 
  In 
  Devon 
  it 
  is 
  extremely 
  local, 
  and 
  in 
  places 
  where 
  

   I 
  have 
  myself 
  observed 
  it, 
  it 
  has 
  steadily 
  increased 
  in 
  

   numbers 
  from 
  1914 
  to 
  1918, 
  when 
  it 
  appeared 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  

   half 
  of 
  March. 
  In 
  Scotland 
  it 
  occurs, 
  no 
  doubt, 
  commonly. 
  

   Much 
  scarcer 
  than 
  its 
  host 
  is 
  its 
  special 
  parasite 
  Nomada 
  

   xanthosticta, 
  which, 
  however, 
  is 
  found 
  just 
  outside 
  London, 
  

   and 
  in 
  Norfolk, 
  Suffolk 
  and 
  Cambridge. 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  

   able 
  to 
  find 
  any 
  trace 
  of 
  this 
  parasite 
  in 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  England, 
  

   even 
  where 
  the 
  host 
  abounds. 
  From 
  a 
  large 
  colony 
  at 
  

   Oxford 
  I 
  once 
  took 
  two 
  stylopised 
  examples 
  of 
  the 
  latter, 
  

   but 
  have 
  not 
  seen 
  any 
  so 
  affected 
  elsewhere. 
  

  

  Passing 
  now 
  to 
  the 
  nigriceps 
  group, 
  that 
  most 
  distinct 
  

   species 
  A. 
  denticulata 
  is 
  very 
  widely 
  distributed, 
  but 
  at 
  the 
  

   same 
  time 
  very 
  local. 
  It 
  occurs 
  in 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  

   counties, 
  in 
  the 
  north 
  of 
  England 
  and 
  in 
  Scotland, 
  but 
  only 
  

   rarely 
  is 
  it 
  really 
  abundant. 
  In 
  some 
  seasons 
  and 
  places 
  

   it 
  is 
  foimd 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  June, 
  but 
  more 
  often 
  in 
  July, 
  and 
  

   the 
  5 
  may 
  even 
  remain 
  on 
  the 
  wing 
  into 
  September. 
  It 
  

   is 
  found 
  on 
  yellow 
  Composites, 
  Senecio, 
  Crepis, 
  etc., 
  abun- 
  

   dantly 
  sometimes 
  on 
  Inula, 
  and 
  is 
  extremely 
  partial 
  in 
  

   some 
  localities 
  to 
  pink-flowered 
  thistles 
  ; 
  while 
  Smith 
  says 
  

   it 
  is 
  attached 
  to 
  bryony. 
  That 
  plant 
  has 
  never 
  been 
  in 
  

   flower 
  or 
  has 
  been 
  wanting 
  in 
  the 
  localities 
  where 
  I 
  myself 
  

   have 
  met 
  with 
  denticulata. 
  It 
  seems 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  attacked 
  

   by 
  Stylops, 
  nor 
  has 
  it 
  a 
  special 
  Nomada, 
  but 
  N. 
  rufipes 
  

   (solidaginis) 
  is 
  parasitic 
  on 
  it 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  on 
  the 
  more 
  abun- 
  

   dant 
  A. 
  fuscipes. 
  Except 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  male 
  

   characters 
  in 
  large 
  examples, 
  this 
  species 
  varies 
  very 
  little, 
  

   but 
  the 
  characteristic 
  black 
  hairs 
  are 
  sometimes 
  wanting 
  on 
  

   the 
  thorax 
  in 
  the 
  (^. 
  

  

  A. 
  trident 
  ata 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  restricted 
  in 
  range 
  of 
  all 
  

   our 
  bees. 
  I 
  have 
  seen 
  authentic 
  specimens 
  from 
  Norfolk 
  

   (Cromer), 
  Suffolk 
  and 
  Hants, 
  but 
  the 
  (^(^ 
  supposed 
  to 
  be 
  

   this 
  species, 
  collected 
  by 
  Bridgman 
  at 
  Norwich, 
  so 
  far 
  

   as 
  the 
  material 
  sent 
  by 
  him 
  to 
  F. 
  Smith 
  is 
  concerned, 
  are 
  

   all 
  nigriceps. 
  This 
  species 
  visits 
  Senecio 
  and 
  Crepis. 
  

  

  