﻿( 
  450 
  ) 
  

  

  XIX. 
  Contributions 
  to 
  the 
  Life 
  History 
  of 
  Lycaena 
  euphemus 
  

   Hh. 
  By 
  T. 
  A. 
  Chapman, 
  M.D.," 
  F.R.S. 
  

  

  [Read 
  November 
  5th, 
  1919.] 
  

  

  . 
  Plates 
  XXIX-XXXVI. 
  

  

  Monsieur 
  Oberthur 
  has 
  continued 
  to 
  pursue 
  the 
  investiga- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  Myrmicicole 
  species 
  of 
  Lycaena 
  with 
  the 
  ardour 
  

   and 
  enthusiasm 
  which 
  we 
  all 
  admire, 
  but 
  which 
  in 
  no 
  way 
  

   surprises 
  us, 
  since 
  they 
  are 
  always 
  forthcoming 
  for 
  any 
  

   Lepidopterological 
  research. 
  In 
  1918 
  the 
  observations 
  on 
  

   L. 
  alcon 
  were 
  followed 
  up, 
  and 
  in 
  1919, 
  L. 
  euphemus 
  has 
  

   taken 
  the 
  front 
  place 
  in 
  the 
  work 
  in 
  hand. 
  In 
  both 
  species 
  

   Mr. 
  PoAvell 
  has 
  been 
  most 
  active 
  and 
  successful, 
  especially 
  

   this 
  summer 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  Lj. 
  eicphemus 
  ; 
  by 
  a 
  combination 
  

   of 
  hard 
  work, 
  and 
  a 
  genius 
  for 
  understanding 
  and 
  following 
  

   up 
  the 
  details 
  of 
  the 
  life 
  histories 
  of 
  Lepidoptera, 
  we 
  have 
  

   a 
  complete 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  economy 
  of 
  L. 
  euphemus; 
  though, 
  

   of 
  course, 
  there 
  is 
  still 
  room 
  for 
  further 
  observations. 
  

   Mr, 
  Powell 
  began 
  the 
  campaign 
  by 
  finding 
  a 
  newly 
  emerged 
  

   L. 
  euphemus 
  over 
  an 
  ants' 
  nest, 
  and 
  on 
  examining 
  the 
  

   upper 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  nest 
  found 
  an 
  empty 
  pupa 
  case. 
  

   This 
  case 
  is 
  obviously 
  one 
  of 
  a 
  Lycaena, 
  and 
  as 
  L. 
  arion 
  and 
  

   L. 
  alcon 
  are 
  practically 
  ruled 
  out, 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  

   L. 
  euphemus. 
  For 
  all 
  practical 
  purposes, 
  the 
  proof 
  is 
  almost 
  

   complete 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  imago 
  found. 
  The 
  ants' 
  

   nest 
  was 
  that 
  of 
  Myrmica 
  ruginodis. 
  Thereafter, 
  in 
  face 
  

   of 
  various 
  practical 
  difficulties, 
  he 
  obtained 
  eggs 
  and 
  larvae 
  

   in 
  four 
  different 
  stages. 
  I 
  have 
  to 
  thank 
  M. 
  Oberthur 
  and 
  

   Mr. 
  Powell 
  most 
  heartily 
  for 
  sending 
  me 
  material 
  by 
  which 
  

   I 
  have 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  follow 
  up 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  the 
  larva 
  

   during 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  its 
  pre-ant 
  existence, 
  and 
  further 
  to 
  

   place 
  larvae 
  in 
  the 
  nests 
  of 
  ants 
  and 
  observe 
  their 
  hfe 
  

   therein. 
  I 
  will 
  relate 
  my 
  own 
  observations 
  as 
  though 
  they 
  

   were 
  original, 
  as 
  simplifying 
  the 
  narrative; 
  but 
  almost 
  

   everything 
  I 
  observed 
  was 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  or 
  earher 
  

   noted 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Powell. 
  Mr. 
  Powell 
  made 
  one 
  observation, 
  

   viz. 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  ants 
  carrying 
  in 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  L. 
  euphemus 
  

   to 
  the 
  nest 
  with 
  the 
  same 
  ceremonial 
  that 
  obtains 
  in 
  the 
  

   case 
  of 
  L. 
  arion. 
  My 
  specimens 
  failed 
  to 
  afford 
  me 
  this 
  

  

  TRANS. 
  ENT. 
  SOC. 
  LOND. 
  1919. 
  — 
  PARTS 
  III, 
  IV. 
  (dEC.) 
  

  

  