﻿of 
  the 
  late 
  Rev. 
  Francis 
  Walker, 
  who 
  notes 
  in 
  Vol. 
  XXII 
  of 
  

   the 
  " 
  Entomologist," 
  the 
  capture 
  by 
  Jon 
  Thoroddsou 
  in 
  1888 
  

   of 
  a 
  specimen 
  of 
  Pyrameis 
  cardui 
  in 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  main 
  streets 
  of 
  

   Reykjavik, 
  the 
  capital 
  of 
  the 
  island. 
  

  

  When 
  we 
  proceed 
  to 
  the 
  Southern 
  Hemisphere, 
  we 
  find 
  the 
  

   terminations 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  land-masses 
  lying 
  many 
  degrees 
  

   farther 
  from 
  the 
  Pole 
  than 
  is 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  the 
  north 
  ; 
  and 
  with 
  

   the 
  exception 
  of 
  the 
  extremity 
  of 
  South 
  America, 
  these 
  southern 
  

   lands 
  enjoy 
  far 
  more 
  genial 
  conditions 
  of 
  climate. 
  But 
  the 
  

   scanty 
  butterfly 
  fauna 
  of 
  these 
  regions, 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  that 
  

   of 
  corresj)onding 
  or 
  even 
  far 
  higher 
  latitudes 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  

   equator, 
  has 
  not 
  failed 
  to 
  impress 
  strongly 
  all 
  Entomologists 
  

   who 
  have 
  studied 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  these 
  insects. 
  The 
  

   marked 
  contraction 
  southwards 
  of 
  the 
  African 
  continent 
  would 
  

   appear 
  to 
  have 
  crowded, 
  within 
  narrow 
  limits 
  at 
  its 
  extremity, 
  

   a 
  Flora 
  unparalleled 
  anywhere 
  in 
  variety 
  and 
  number 
  of 
  species, 
  

   with 
  the 
  possible 
  exception 
  of 
  South-western 
  Australia, 
  where 
  

   the 
  geographical 
  and 
  physical 
  conditions 
  are 
  somewhat 
  similar. 
  

   But 
  when 
  the 
  comparatively 
  low 
  latitude 
  of 
  both 
  these 
  regions 
  

   is 
  considered, 
  their 
  poverty 
  in 
  butterflies 
  is 
  most 
  remarkable. 
  

   Lapland, 
  more 
  than 
  thirty 
  degrees 
  nearer 
  the 
  Pole, 
  produces 
  

   at 
  least 
  as 
  many 
  kinds 
  of 
  butterflies 
  as 
  does 
  Cape 
  Colony, 
  and 
  

   during 
  a 
  residence 
  of 
  twenty-five 
  years 
  at 
  Cape 
  Town 
  our 
  

   former 
  President 
  Mr. 
  Roland 
  Trimen 
  could 
  find 
  only 
  forty- 
  

   seven 
  species 
  in 
  the 
  immediate 
  neighbourhood. 
  A 
  very 
  large 
  

   proportion 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  inconspicuous 
  forms 
  of 
  Satyridae, 
  

   Lycaenidae, 
  and 
  Hesperidae, 
  only 
  one 
  Papilio 
  (leonidas, 
  Fab.) 
  

   extending 
  its 
  range 
  so 
  far 
  south, 
  and 
  the 
  fine 
  Nymphalid 
  

   Meneris 
  tulhaghia, 
  L., 
  being 
  almost 
  the 
  only 
  showy 
  butterfly. 
  

   The 
  fauna 
  of 
  Western 
  Australia 
  is 
  even 
  more 
  scanty, 
  as 
  only 
  

   fifteen 
  species 
  are 
  enumerated 
  as 
  occurring 
  in 
  the 
  district 
  

   round 
  Perth 
  ; 
  and 
  when 
  I 
  was 
  there 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1890, 
  I 
  

   was 
  as 
  nmch 
  impressed 
  by 
  the 
  very 
  small 
  number 
  of 
  butterflies 
  

   to 
  be 
  seen 
  on 
  the 
  wing, 
  as 
  by 
  the 
  endless 
  variety 
  and 
  beauty 
  

   of 
  the 
  flowers. 
  Next 
  to 
  nothing 
  is 
  known 
  of 
  the 
  insects 
  of 
  the 
  

   long 
  range 
  of 
  utterly 
  desert 
  coast 
  facing 
  the 
  great 
  Southern 
  

   Ocean, 
  and 
  the 
  more 
  fertile 
  regions 
  of 
  South 
  Australia 
  and 
  

   Victoria 
  are 
  not 
  much 
  richer 
  than 
  Western 
  Australia 
  in 
  species. 
  

   The 
  beautiful, 
  varied, 
  and 
  luxuriant 
  island 
  of 
  Tasmania, 
  larger 
  

  

  