﻿PltOCfeEi)INGS 
  OJ' 
  THE 
  FOURTH 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  MEETING 
  217 
  

  

  different 
  thoracic 
  segments, 
  it 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  possible 
  to 
  say 
  this 
  with 
  a 
  

   precision. 
  It 
  is 
  hoped 
  that 
  further 
  work 
  may 
  throw 
  light 
  on 
  this 
  ' 
  

   question. 
  The 
  sizes 
  of 
  the 
  appendages 
  vary 
  with 
  different 
  species. 
  

   While 
  in 
  A. 
  sinensis 
  and 
  harbirostris 
  the 
  lobes 
  are 
  equal, 
  in 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  

   other 
  species 
  the 
  lobes 
  are 
  generally 
  not 
  equal 
  and 
  the 
  inner 
  lobe 
  is 
  the 
  

   better 
  developed 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  in 
  such 
  cases 
  (Figs. 
  3-7). 
  

  

  As 
  many 
  as 
  ten 
  Indian 
  species 
  of 
  Anopheles 
  have 
  been 
  examined 
  and 
  

   all 
  of 
  them 
  have 
  these 
  appendages, 
  A. 
  inaculipennis 
  and 
  hifurcatus 
  

   larvae 
  from 
  England 
  (received 
  through 
  the 
  courtesy 
  of 
  Professor 
  G. 
  H. 
  

   F. 
  Nuttjall) 
  were 
  also 
  examined 
  and 
  were 
  found 
  to 
  have 
  these 
  appendages 
  

   quite 
  characteristically. 
  Other 
  genera 
  of 
  the 
  Culicidse 
  that 
  have 
  been 
  

   so 
  far 
  studied, 
  including 
  Culex, 
  Stegomyia, 
  Armigeres 
  and 
  ToxofhyncJiites, 
  

   do 
  not 
  have 
  them, 
  not 
  even 
  their 
  vestige. 
  It 
  appears 
  probable 
  that 
  

   these 
  appendages 
  are 
  characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  larvse 
  of 
  the 
  Anophelinae. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  curious 
  that 
  all 
  previous 
  workers 
  on 
  mosquitos 
  have 
  failed 
  to 
  

   mention 
  anything 
  about 
  these 
  organs, 
  with 
  the 
  solitary 
  exception 
  of 
  

   Nuttall 
  and 
  Shipley 
  {Journal 
  of 
  Hygiene 
  Vol. 
  I.). 
  Even 
  these 
  authors 
  

   only 
  mention 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  a 
  " 
  curious, 
  flattened, 
  notched 
  process 
  " 
  

   on 
  the 
  dorsal 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  thorax 
  of 
  ^. 
  maculifeymis 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  evidently 
  

   a 
  reference 
  to 
  the 
  appendage 
  above 
  described. 
  

  

  The 
  investigation 
  in 
  its 
  present 
  state 
  does 
  not 
  warrant 
  even 
  a 
  con- 
  

   jecture 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  homology 
  or 
  function 
  of 
  these 
  appendages. 
  The 
  purpose 
  

   of 
  their 
  movement 
  has 
  not 
  yet 
  been 
  understood. 
  When 
  a 
  larva 
  creeps 
  

   forward 
  on 
  a 
  slide 
  these 
  organs 
  contract 
  with 
  every 
  forward 
  creep. 
  In 
  

   the 
  natural 
  condition 
  the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  lobes 
  touch 
  the 
  surface 
  film 
  of 
  water. 
  

   Imms 
  suggests 
  that 
  the 
  " 
  curious, 
  flattened, 
  notched 
  process 
  " 
  of 
  Nuttall, 
  

   and 
  Shipley 
  are 
  probably 
  vestiges 
  of 
  prothoracic 
  spiracles 
  {Journal 
  of 
  

   Hygiene, 
  Vol. 
  VII, 
  p. 
  294). 
  This 
  seems 
  improbable. 
  Further 
  work 
  is 
  

   being 
  done 
  on 
  the 
  anatomy, 
  homology 
  and 
  function 
  of 
  these 
  appen- 
  

   dages. 
  Other 
  species 
  and 
  the 
  further 
  development 
  of 
  these 
  appendages 
  

   in 
  the 
  pupa 
  and 
  adult 
  are 
  also 
  being 
  studied. 
  

  

  Bo 
  these 
  appendages 
  appear 
  at 
  once 
  or 
  after 
  a 
  moult 
  '\ 
  Mr. 
  Sharma. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  not 
  seen 
  them 
  until 
  the 
  second 
  instar. 
  When 
  the 
  larvse 
  are 
  jflr. 
  Iyengar, 
  

   irritated 
  the 
  processes 
  contract 
  within 
  the 
  thorax. 
  

  

  You 
  might 
  try 
  gradual 
  ansesthetizing 
  as 
  used 
  for 
  highly 
  contractile 
  Mr. 
  White* 
  

   Protozoa 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  kill 
  the 
  larvse 
  with 
  the 
  appendages 
  extended. 
  

  

  The 
  method 
  used 
  for 
  mounting 
  Rotifers 
  in 
  an 
  extended 
  condition, 
  Mr. 
  Fletcher, 
  

   by 
  very 
  gradual 
  addition 
  of 
  cocaine 
  to 
  the 
  water, 
  might 
  also 
  be 
  useful. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  done 
  no 
  work 
  on 
  the 
  embryology 
  of 
  these 
  appendages, 
  but 
  this 
  Mr. 
  Iyengar, 
  

   is 
  now 
  proceeding. 
  

  

  