﻿PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  FOURTH 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  MEETING 
  233 
  

  

  of 
  only 
  about 
  a 
  dozen 
  species 
  are 
  known 
  at 
  all 
  and 
  no 
  work 
  has 
  been 
  

   done 
  on 
  the 
  distinctions 
  of 
  the 
  early 
  stages, 
  although 
  it 
  is 
  important 
  

   to 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  recognize 
  these 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  adults. 
  Another 
  line 
  of 
  

   work 
  which 
  we 
  suggest 
  is' 
  a 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  genitalia 
  in 
  the 
  Indian 
  

   Tabanidse 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  certainly 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  some 
  other 
  groups 
  of 
  insects 
  tbat 
  

   the 
  females 
  of 
  difierent 
  species 
  can 
  only 
  be 
  separated 
  with 
  difiSculty 
  

   or 
  not 
  at 
  all, 
  whilst 
  the 
  males 
  are 
  abundantly 
  distinct 
  in 
  structure, 
  

   and 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  that 
  similar 
  cases 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  Tabanidse. 
  A 
  thorough" 
  

   survey 
  of 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  species, 
  which 
  would 
  of 
  course 
  

   include 
  especially 
  collections 
  made 
  in 
  Surra 
  areas 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  in 
  adjacent 
  

   or 
  similar 
  non-surra 
  areas, 
  might 
  well 
  throw 
  some 
  light 
  on 
  the 
  problem 
  

   of 
  a 
  transmitting 
  agent, 
  if 
  only 
  one 
  species 
  or 
  group 
  of 
  species 
  is 
  con- 
  

   cerned 
  in 
  this. 
  A 
  third 
  line 
  of 
  work, 
  which 
  should 
  be 
  carried 
  on 
  pari 
  

   passu 
  with 
  the 
  collection, 
  discrimination, 
  and 
  lifehistory 
  work 
  is 
  that 
  

   of 
  observation 
  and 
  collection 
  of 
  natural 
  parasites 
  and 
  enemies 
  ; 
  we 
  know, 
  

   for 
  example, 
  that 
  many 
  Tabanids 
  suf!cr 
  severely 
  from 
  egg-parasites, 
  

   but 
  we 
  know 
  very 
  little 
  regarding 
  these 
  parasites, 
  their 
  bionomics, 
  

   discrimination 
  and 
  distribution, 
  and 
  as 
  to 
  how 
  far 
  they 
  could 
  be 
  utilized 
  

   as 
  natural 
  checks 
  on 
  particular 
  species 
  in 
  any 
  area. 
  

  

  The 
  collection 
  of 
  the 
  flies 
  should 
  be 
  done 
  with 
  the 
  help 
  of 
  tame 
  

   animals 
  and 
  in 
  collecting 
  from 
  such 
  animals 
  it 
  should 
  be 
  noted 
  what 
  

   - 
  particular 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  animal 
  are 
  aflccted 
  by 
  each 
  species 
  of 
  fly. 
  As 
  

   regards 
  transmission, 
  we 
  are 
  dealing 
  with 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  different 
  

   organisms, 
  the 
  original 
  host, 
  the 
  fly-carrier, 
  the 
  Trypanosome 
  and 
  the 
  

   animal 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  flagellate 
  is 
  carried, 
  so 
  that 
  we 
  have 
  a 
  problem 
  

   which 
  is 
  only 
  partially 
  an 
  entomological 
  one. 
  The 
  first 
  point 
  that 
  

   requires 
  to 
  be 
  determined 
  is 
  whether 
  transmission 
  under 
  natural 
  (and 
  

   not 
  purely 
  laboratory) 
  conditions 
  is 
  purely 
  mechanical 
  or 
  whether 
  the 
  

   trypanosome 
  undergoes 
  a 
  developmental 
  cycle 
  within 
  the 
  fly. 
  This 
  

   includes 
  a 
  general 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  flagellates 
  occurring 
  in 
  the 
  flies, 
  both 
  

   larvae 
  and 
  adults, 
  and 
  is 
  non-entomological.' 
  Should 
  likely 
  flagellates 
  

   be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  larvee 
  (and 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  remembered 
  that 
  Tabanid 
  larv^ 
  

   at 
  least 
  are 
  predaceous 
  and 
  are 
  quite 
  likely 
  to 
  acquire 
  a 
  flagellate 
  fauna 
  

   from 
  worms 
  and 
  aquatic 
  animals 
  which 
  form 
  their 
  food) 
  we 
  would 
  suggest 
  

   experiments 
  with 
  bred 
  flies 
  reared 
  from 
  larvae 
  found 
  in 
  Surra 
  areas. 
  

   A 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  flagellates 
  would 
  also 
  include 
  a 
  study 
  of 
  these 
  in 
  mam- 
  

   malian, 
  and 
  possibly 
  also 
  in 
  non-mammalian 
  hosts, 
  in 
  Surra 
  and, 
  for 
  

   comparison, 
  in 
  non-surra 
  areas. 
  To 
  carry 
  out 
  these 
  investigations 
  

   thoroughly, 
  as 
  they 
  require 
  to 
  be 
  carried 
  out 
  in 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  importance 
  

   of 
  this 
  disease 
  in 
  India, 
  requires 
  a 
  proper 
  staff 
  of 
  wholetime 
  workers, 
  

   which 
  should 
  include 
  as 
  a 
  minimum 
  a 
  Veterinary 
  Officer, 
  a 
  Protozoologist 
  

   and 
  an 
  Entomologist 
  (Dipterist), 
  with 
  appropriate 
  subordinate 
  staff. 
  

  

  