﻿320 
  PTIOCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  rOFETII 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  MEETING 
  

  

  that 
  this 
  sense-organ 
  should 
  be 
  so 
  hidden 
  in 
  them 
  that 
  more 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  

   found 
  out 
  about 
  it 
  in 
  fully- 
  developed 
  individuals. 
  For 
  the 
  rest 
  I 
  acknow- 
  

   ledge 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  changes 
  consequent 
  upon 
  their 
  age 
  up 
  to 
  their 
  death 
  

   too 
  little 
  is 
  still 
  known 
  to 
  me. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  invariably 
  only 
  one 
  queen 
  in 
  each 
  colony 
  (" 
  Wohrnmg 
  ") 
  

   rarely 
  are 
  there 
  two 
  in 
  one 
  nest, 
  and 
  these 
  live 
  in 
  different 
  stories 
  ; 
  very 
  

   rarely 
  are 
  three 
  found. 
  This 
  number 
  applies 
  also 
  to 
  the 
  young 
  queens 
  

   [true 
  males 
  — 
  T. 
  B. 
  F.], 
  that 
  have 
  only 
  small 
  accessory 
  cells 
  (" 
  Nebenloe- 
  

   cher 
  ") 
  to 
  live 
  in. 
  Such 
  a 
  queen 
  into 
  which 
  the 
  soldiers 
  have 
  bitten 
  

   quite 
  firmly, 
  I 
  have 
  preserved 
  in 
  spirit. 
  

  

  The 
  attendants 
  upon 
  the 
  queens, 
  as 
  stated 
  above, 
  are 
  mostly 
  soldiers, 
  

   so 
  far 
  as 
  numbers 
  are 
  concerned. 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  know 
  their 
  exact 
  functions. 
  

   But 
  it 
  happened 
  to 
  me 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  several 
  nests 
  that 
  when 
  I 
  

   removed 
  the 
  queen 
  from 
  her 
  cell, 
  these 
  soldiers 
  have 
  clung 
  onto 
  her 
  and 
  

   onto 
  my 
  hand 
  and 
  have 
  bitten 
  so 
  far 
  into 
  the 
  skin 
  that 
  they 
  perforce 
  

   remained 
  sticking 
  therein. 
  When 
  the 
  queen 
  is 
  removed 
  from 
  her 
  cell^ 
  

   she 
  is 
  very 
  soft 
  and 
  flabby, 
  and 
  lets 
  at 
  once 
  a 
  thin 
  sticky 
  moisture 
  

   flow 
  from 
  her. 
  As 
  soon 
  as 
  she 
  is 
  placed 
  in 
  spirits 
  of 
  wine, 
  her 
  body 
  be- 
  

   comes 
  harder 
  and 
  her 
  colour 
  much 
  whiter 
  especially 
  if 
  she 
  is 
  still 
  young. 
  

  

  Through 
  the 
  effects 
  of 
  age 
  their 
  skin 
  becomes 
  harder, 
  and 
  I 
  have 
  

   found 
  some 
  full 
  of 
  small 
  abscesses 
  and 
  holes 
  in 
  their 
  dorsal 
  skin 
  which 
  

   is 
  quite 
  blackish. 
  

  

  In 
  such 
  nests 
  where 
  I 
  found 
  individuals 
  like 
  this 
  I 
  was 
  also 
  certain 
  

   that 
  I 
  was 
  bound 
  to 
  find 
  young 
  queens 
  [males 
  or 
  kings] 
  so 
  long 
  as 
  these 
  

   [old 
  queens] 
  still 
  lived 
  in 
  them. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  also 
  often 
  found 
  empty 
  nests 
  in 
  which 
  not 
  a 
  single 
  one 
  of 
  these 
  

   insects 
  was 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  and 
  I 
  believe 
  that 
  in 
  these 
  the 
  queen 
  must 
  have 
  

   perished 
  and 
  that 
  no 
  young 
  ones 
  had 
  returned 
  from 
  their 
  flight 
  or 
  re- 
  

   mained 
  at 
  home, 
  in 
  consequence 
  whereof 
  the 
  others 
  had 
  either 
  deserted 
  

   the 
  nest 
  or 
  had 
  died 
  out 
  also. 
  

  

  I 
  know 
  of 
  no 
  special 
  enemies 
  of 
  the 
  queen 
  that 
  might 
  endeavour 
  

   to 
  disturb 
  her 
  in 
  her 
  cell 
  or 
  to 
  kill 
  her. 
  The 
  entrance 
  into 
  her 
  cell 
  

   is 
  only 
  as 
  broad 
  as 
  a 
  straw-stalk 
  and 
  passes 
  through 
  a 
  strong 
  w^all 
  of 
  

   earth, 
  so 
  that 
  neither 
  can 
  any 
  moderately 
  large 
  animal 
  get 
  at 
  her 
  easily 
  

   . 
  nor 
  can 
  she 
  come 
  out. 
  I 
  have 
  found 
  some 
  few 
  house-crickets 
  in 
  the 
  earth 
  

   near 
  the 
  cells 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  was 
  not 
  possible 
  for 
  these 
  to 
  enter 
  the 
  small 
  holes 
  

   of 
  the 
  ordinary 
  chambers 
  (" 
  Zellen 
  ") 
  and 
  consequently 
  still 
  less 
  into 
  

   that 
  of 
  the 
  queen. 
  The 
  Kuli-classes, 
  (" 
  Arbeitsleute 
  ") 
  of 
  this 
  place, 
  

   it 
  is 
  said, 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  they 
  come 
  across 
  a 
  queen 
  by 
  chance 
  through 
  the 
  

   breaking 
  down 
  of 
  old 
  buildings 
  constructed 
  of 
  earth 
  or 
  in 
  other 
  places 
  

   whilst 
  digging, 
  at 
  once 
  swallow 
  her 
  alive 
  ; 
  with 
  the 
  idea 
  that 
  it 
  streng- 
  

   thens 
  their 
  spinal 
  (" 
  im 
  Rucken 
  ") 
  nerves 
  and 
  gives 
  great 
  vigour. 
  I 
  have 
  

  

  