﻿PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  POTTl^TH 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  MEETING 
  327 
  

  

  not 
  seen 
  this 
  myself 
  ; 
  but 
  I 
  believe 
  it 
  to 
  be 
  true 
  since 
  I 
  have 
  been 
  able 
  

   so 
  rarely 
  to 
  obtain 
  them 
  [i.e., 
  specimens 
  of 
  queens] 
  near 
  Tranquebar. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  already 
  said 
  something 
  concerning 
  the 
  greatest 
  number 
  of 
  

   young 
  females 
  in 
  each 
  nest. 
  Now 
  I 
  will 
  bring 
  forward 
  my 
  proofs 
  [that 
  

   they 
  are 
  indeed 
  young 
  females 
  — 
  really 
  males]. 
  Firstly, 
  the 
  large 
  eyes, 
  

   which 
  all 
  these 
  have 
  which 
  have 
  swarmed. 
  Secondly, 
  the 
  special 
  build 
  

   of 
  the 
  thorax. 
  Thirdly, 
  the 
  two 
  accessory 
  plates 
  which 
  are 
  the 
  supports 
  

   of 
  the 
  wings. 
  All 
  these 
  they 
  have 
  in 
  common 
  with 
  the 
  queens 
  ; 
  but 
  

   in 
  the 
  males 
  [workers] 
  and 
  soldiers 
  these 
  parts 
  are 
  altogether 
  lacking 
  

   or 
  are 
  quite 
  differently 
  shaped. 
  That 
  the 
  [young] 
  queens 
  [i.e., 
  males] 
  

   themselves 
  have 
  been 
  Avinged 
  is 
  proved 
  by 
  the 
  stum.ps 
  still 
  remaining 
  on 
  

   the 
  wing 
  supports. 
  Notwithstanding 
  there 
  are 
  still 
  other 
  character- 
  

   istics, 
  I 
  tTiink 
  that 
  these 
  will 
  be 
  quite 
  sufficient. 
  

  

  They 
  fly 
  out 
  like 
  other 
  ants. 
  The 
  time 
  of 
  their 
  swarming 
  out 
  is 
  

   various. 
  Most 
  usually 
  and 
  abundantly 
  they 
  swarm 
  shortly 
  before 
  the 
  

   monsoon 
  rains. 
  In 
  somewhat 
  smaller 
  numbers 
  before 
  the 
  Little 
  

   Monsoon, 
  that 
  is, 
  in 
  April 
  or 
  May, 
  after 
  the 
  first 
  few 
  showers. 
  I 
  have 
  

   also 
  found 
  them 
  flying 
  out 
  in 
  other 
  months 
  in 
  June 
  and 
  July 
  after 
  a 
  few- 
  

   showers, 
  but 
  only 
  in 
  quite 
  small 
  numbers. 
  

  

  The 
  evening, 
  v/hen 
  it 
  has 
  becom^e 
  quite 
  dark, 
  is 
  the 
  proper 
  time 
  for 
  

   them 
  to 
  leave 
  their 
  nests, 
  and 
  at 
  times 
  they 
  occasion 
  the 
  Europeans 
  some 
  

   inconvenience 
  through 
  flying 
  into 
  their 
  faces 
  and 
  into 
  lighted 
  lamps. 
  

   But 
  hardly 
  does 
  the 
  sun 
  shine 
  on 
  them 
  in 
  the 
  morning, 
  than 
  they 
  break 
  

   off 
  their 
  wings 
  ; 
  whereupon 
  various 
  birds 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  kinds 
  of 
  lizards 
  and 
  

   frogs 
  on 
  a 
  day 
  of 
  this 
  kind 
  enjoy 
  an 
  excellent 
  banquet 
  which 
  stand 
  

   them 
  so 
  much 
  the 
  more 
  in 
  good 
  stead, 
  because 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  have 
  to 
  

   undergo 
  a 
  strict 
  fast 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  rainy 
  season 
  which 
  follows 
  shortly 
  

   afterwards. 
  This, 
  then, 
  is 
  a 
  great 
  benefit 
  for 
  these 
  animals 
  given 
  to 
  

   them 
  by 
  the 
  wisest 
  foresight 
  of 
  our 
  beneficent 
  creator 
  in 
  order 
  that 
  they 
  

   may 
  better 
  endure 
  the, 
  to 
  them, 
  calamitous 
  times 
  which 
  follow. 
  

  

  I 
  tliink 
  that 
  I 
  have 
  clearly 
  shoAvn 
  above 
  that 
  these 
  individuals 
  

   which 
  fly 
  out, 
  are 
  only 
  females 
  ; 
  but 
  whether 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  properly 
  

   fertilized 
  before 
  their 
  flight 
  so 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  in 
  a 
  position 
  to 
  start 
  new 
  

   nests 
  for 
  themselves 
  by 
  their 
  ovm 
  effort 
  or 
  whether 
  they 
  go 
  in 
  quest 
  of 
  

   males, 
  wandering 
  short 
  distances 
  from 
  their 
  former 
  nests 
  and 
  attract 
  

   them 
  [i.e., 
  males] 
  to 
  themselves 
  with 
  such 
  an 
  intention 
  [i.e., 
  of 
  starting 
  a 
  

   new 
  nest 
  ("in 
  solcher 
  Absicht 
  zu 
  sich 
  leitten 
  "); 
  this 
  1 
  cannot 
  tell 
  for 
  

   certain. 
  Yet 
  I 
  am 
  inclined 
  the 
  more 
  to 
  the 
  former 
  opinion, 
  because 
  

   their 
  abdomen 
  is 
  already 
  rather 
  distended, 
  and 
  because 
  the 
  latter 
  theory 
  

   would 
  also 
  involve 
  more 
  difiiculties. 
  

  

  The 
  number 
  of 
  flying 
  White 
  Ants 
  of 
  this 
  kind 
  is 
  usually 
  large 
  ; 
  so 
  that 
  

   from 
  one 
  nest 
  if 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  driven 
  out 
  and 
  caught 
  in 
  pots 
  by 
  people 
  

  

  Y 
  2 
  

  

  