122 Dr. H. Eltringham on Specific and 



1. A tendency to melanism in the hind- wings is seen 

 in aristiona and its forms messene and aurora, and appears 

 again in ithaka and pardalinus lucescens, reaching a climax 

 in hecale and anderida fornarina. 



2. The undersides of aulicus and aristiona lenaeus are 

 nearly identical, if we except the central and marginal 

 black markings of the former, which, however, are trace- 

 able as vestiges in the latter. 



3. The relationship of the underside pattern of novatus 

 leopardus to that of aristiona arcuella is very evident on 

 careful comparison. 



4. The brown markings seen on the underside of anderida 

 fornarina are faintly represented in some examples of 

 hecale, whilst the yellow markings of the fore-wing upper- 

 side in fornarina are partially reproduced in white in 

 hecale. 



5. Comparison of the hind-wing underside in pardalinus 

 lucescens and aristiona aurora shows a close relationship 

 of pattern. 



6. The pattern of quitalenus felix is merely a slight 

 modification of that of pardalinus tithorides. 



7. The vestigial submarginal yellow spots in the hind- 

 wing of ithaka appear to correspond with those in anderida 

 anetta. 



8. The various anderida forms graduate so obviously 

 one into another that a connection between any of them 

 and one of the other reputed species serves as an indirect 

 connection for all. 



9. In considering the form of the armature of these 

 species I stated that there was a further reason for con- 

 necting " silvana " robigus with this association. The 

 underside pattern of this form, especially of the hind-wing, 

 is nearly identical with that of novatus novatus. 



10. The hind- wing underside of paraensis latus closely 

 resembles that of aristiona arcuella. 



11. Similar close resemblances may be observed between 

 examples of fortunatus and pardalinus. 



We thus see that careful comparison of the wing patterns 

 of the novatus association tends to support the conclusions 

 based on an examination of the male armatures. 



H. vetustus. 



This species and its subspecies melellus, though closely 

 allied to the novatus association, may for the present be 



