Mimetic Relationships in the genus Heliconius. 123 



kept separate. The forms are rather rare in collections, 

 and I have not been able to examine a large series. It 

 may well prove ultimately to be a member of the novatits 

 association. 



H. sergestus. 



The position of this species is obscure. Its pattern 

 suggests a close relationship with pardalinus, but the 

 clasper is of a very different form, and it must for the 

 present remain separate. 



H. atthis. 



The structure of the armature of this species shows 

 that it belongs to the Silvaniformes, though the pattern 

 has been profoundly modified in mimicry of a Tithorea. 

 The markings show no indication of its affinity, though 

 the claspers are hardly distinguishable from those of 

 anderida. They are rather less densely tufted. 



H. ismenius. 



The apparent specific identity of " silvana " metaphorus 

 with the forms of ismenius is one of the surprising results 

 of this investigation. The patterns are very different, 

 though certain similarities may be observed. Thus the 

 white and yellow spots on the underside of the fore-wing 

 apex are practically identical with those in ismenius 

 telchinia, and the same may be said of the white spots of 

 the hind-wing underside. 



There are two doubtful species included in the Silvani- 

 t< hi nes concerning which nothing can be said. They are 

 //. a/rcuatus, Kirby, and //. euclea, Godt. Their identity 

 has not been satisfactorily established. 



H. tumatumari, Kaye. 



This peculiar species has already been mentioned in 

 connection with the armature structure. As stated, the 

 anatomy indicates relationship with H. vetuslus, and 

 whilst I think there are grounds for regarding it as a good 

 species, certain particulars of the pattern support the above 

 view of its affinity. Examination of the fore-wing under- 

 side shows in tumeUumari three subapical spots and a 

 fourth submarginalry placed below the extremity of the 

 first branch of the median. Precisely similar white spots 

 are found in vetustus meteUus. The discal pattern of the 



