Dr. Eltringham's Paper on the genus Heliconius. 153 



ever suggest it was the same species. I do not think that 

 it could ever even pair with any form of aristiona, being 

 separated by the Andes. It occurs at from 1500 to 

 possibly 3000 ft. on the Pacific slope of Ecuador, while 

 lenaeus is on the eastern slopes. 



Metharme Dr. Eltringham groups with aoede, and finds 

 the claspers of these different from all others. This group- 

 ing together certainly looks wrong. The geographical 

 distribution of these two is similar, but not identical. The 

 former bein^ more western, occurring at Ega on the 

 Amazon, and stretching to Pebas and Iquitos into Colombia. 

 It is never an abundant species and occurs only sparingly. 

 The locality British Guiana often quoted must, I think, 

 be an error. It is a very constant species, and practically 

 no variation is found. With aoede very definite geo- 

 graphical races are found in British Guiana, the lower 

 Amazon, the upper Amazon and Peru. The species is in 

 some localities quite plentiful, as on the lower Amazon, 

 especially about Para, which produces the typical form. 



There is nothing beyond the genitalia to even suggest 

 they might be the same. The body is entirely black in 

 metharme except for a yellow streak below on the abdomen, 

 while all the subspecies of aoede show the pairs of subdorsal 

 yellow spots, and these show no sign of varying. Again, 

 the apical yellow band of metharme is in quite a different 

 position to any part of the group of yellow spots of aoede. 

 Then sappho, antiochus, leucadia and sara are found to 

 be indistinguishable. Leucadia and sara might well be 

 the same species, as some forms of leucadia, such as pseu- 

 dorhea, are exceedingly like some forms of sara. But 

 that sappho and antiochus could also be the same species 

 seems improbable. Antiochus at low levels is exceedingly 

 constant. At higher elevations it is very frequently 

 yellow instead of white-banded, and at certain localities 

 (always above 3000 ft., I believe) it is even constantly 

 yellow-banded as in the form aranea. Sara is present 

 frequently where antiochus is found, but there does not 

 appear to be any cause to think they are the same. 

 Sara is smaller, of a different shape, and is always yellow- 

 banded from sea-level up to 3000 or 4000 ft., varying only 

 geographically in the width of the band. Sappho has 

 quite a different geographical range, and occurs in its 

 varying geographical races from Guatemala to Colombia 

 and Ecuador, not occurring on the east side of South 



