348 Mr. H. Ling Roth's observations on 



surface of which has been well washed with water and then 

 with alcohol, and the glass be tilted, they very quickly fall 

 off. In their declining days they frequently lose the use 

 of their claws, and then hang on by their elbows. 



Colour. 



The colour was generally green or fawn, often speckled 

 and varied considerably in different insects, so that pale 

 green or olive, light green, dark green, greenish fawn, fawn, 

 dark fawn and reddish fawn were common enough.* Dark 

 brown (almost black) is rare. 



At birth the insects are a greenish brown, which changes 

 to green or olive or fawn at the successive moults. After 

 the colour is once pronounced there is hardly any change, 

 thus of 26 mature insects under observation under the 

 same conditions for 11 weeks, 1 changed from reddish fawn 

 to darkish fawn, 1 from lighter to darker green, and 2 

 from olive to fawn, 19 remained the same colour as when 

 first observed. This was the only special observation I 

 took on change in colour. Three died (having finished 

 egg-dropping). 



Three dark brown, nearly black specimens came from 

 normal-coloured parents. Their eggs produced 1237 

 nymphs, and 467 of these grew to maturity with the usual 

 olive, green or fawn colouring. I had not accommodation 

 to rear the rest, but I ascertained later that if the colour 

 is to be brown it shows itself already at the 1st ecdysis. 

 Altogether I obtained 8 dark brown specimens, and all these 

 finished by becoming nearly black. 



Schleip t found the darker insects shorter than the green 

 ones, and gives the average length of ten dark red or black 

 insects as 69*3 mm., of ten yellowish-red insects as 74*6 mm., 

 and of ten green ones as 76 - 3 mm. I did not find this so ; 



* The range of colours therefore agrees closely with that of 

 Mac Bride and Jackson (" The Inheritance of Colour in the Stick 

 Insect, C. morosus," Proc. Roy. Soc, Ser. B, vol. 89, p. 109). 

 J. C. Fryer illustrates two specimens of female Clitumnus ( ? cuni- 

 culus), one of which is a light fawn and the other a pale green or 

 olive (Journ. of Genetics, iii, Sept. 2, 1913). Curiously enough, 

 H. Blanc speaks of the single colour (homochromie) of Dixippus 

 morosus (Bull. Soc. Vaud. Lausanne, 5 Ser. xlix, No. 179, p. xxv). 



f Waldemar Schleip (Freiburg in Br.), Der Farbenwechsel von 

 Dixippus morosus (Phasm). Zoo!. Jahrb. Abt. f. Allgem. Zool. u. 

 Phys. d. Tiere, xxx, 1911, p. 78. He treats Dixippus morosus 

 as the same as Carausius morosus, p. 46. 



