382 Mr. H. Ling Roth's observations on 



all closely parallel to the body. On the other hand, it 

 will frequently cling tenaciously to its disturber rather 

 than avoid such. 



Meissner (op. cit., p. 88), in dealing with Dixippus morosus, 

 considers the general lateral movement, the ejection of a 

 brown liquid and the recurving over the back of the 

 terminal end of the abdomen to be protective measures, 

 but to me the lateral movement and the flow, not ejection, 

 of the brown liquid are due to other causes and are not 

 protective in Carausius morosus. 



The object of the recurving of the abdomen over the 

 back is not clear. Meissner looks upon it as a protective 

 attitude, but Schleip does not think so. It seemed to me 

 that, while at emergence from the egg this recurvature was 

 very pronounced, it lessened imperceptibly, until with the 

 egg-bearing stage it disappeared almost entirely. Schleip 

 considers that the weight of the abdomen when full of eggs 

 keeps it in a straight position and prevents the recurving. 



Duration of Life. 



Table VI, already referred to, gives the average number 

 of days lived during the First Period as 136 ; but omitting 

 the two abnormal cases of 171 and 174 days respectively, 

 and adding the days for seven other insects under observa- 

 tion, viz. 127, 138, 130, 130, 123, 123, and 117, we get a 

 normal average of 131 days with a range of 27 days (117- 

 144), and an exceptional range of 57 days (117-174). 



The average duration of life during the Second Period, 

 according to the Table, is 207 days ; but omitting the 

 abnormal results shown by Nos. " Orig., " 18, 22, 159, 

 94 and 65, we obtain a normal average of 239 days with 

 a range of 142 days (187-329). 



Generally speaking, about two-fifths of the insect's 

 lifetime is spent in the First or Preparatory Period, and 

 three-fifths in the Second or Reproductive Period. 



Death. 



When ill or dying a sticky brown liquid occasionally 

 issues from the mouth, and when the nymph or insect is 

 asphyxiated (in the fumes of cyanide of potassium) the 

 liquid almost invariably flows out. Excepting under 

 these circumstances I have not found any traces of this 

 discharge. 



