THE CHARACIDAE. 25 



The total number of species known to Linne is thus seen to have been from 

 eight to ten in 1758 and from twelve to fourteen in 1766, to which but a single 

 species had been added at the time of the publication of the 13th edition in 

 1788. Linne" apparently knew none of the species described by Marcgrav except 

 Marcgrav's piabucu which is Salmo argentinus Linne\ 



In 1794 Bloch in his Auslandische fische added a number of species without, 

 however, recognizing any distinct Characinid genera. 



In Schneider's edition of Bloch's Systema ichthyologiae published in 1801 

 the following species were recognized: — 



Synodw malabricus Bloch, p. 397. (tafel 392 of Bloch). 



Synodvs erythrinus Bloch & Schneider, p. 397. 



Synodus tareira Bloch & Schneider, p. 398, pi. 79. 



Synod™ palustris Bloch & Schneider, p. 398. 



Salmo frideriei Bloch, p. 403. (tafel 378 of Bloch). 



Salmo fasciatus Bloch, p. 403. (tafel 379 of Bloch). 



Salmo argentinus Linne, p. 403. (tafel 382, fig. 1 of Bloch). 



Salmo rhombeus Linne, p. 404. (tafel 383 of Bloch). 



Salmo falcatus Bloch, p. 404. (tafel 385 of Bloch). 



Salmo odoe Bloch, p. 405. (tafel 386 of Bloch). 



Salmo pulverulcntm Linne, p. 406. 



Salmo dentex Linne, p. 407. 



Salmo edentulus Bloch, p. 412. (tafel 380 of Bloch). 



Salmo melanurus Bloch, p. 412. (tafel 381, fig. 2 of Bloch). 



Salmo unimacidatus Bloch, p. 412. (tafel 381, fig. 3 of Bloch). 



Salmo bimaculatus Linne, p. 413. (tafel 382, fig. 2 of Bloch). 



Salmo anastomus Linne, p. 414. 



Salmo niloticus Linne, p. 414. 



Salmo cyprinoides Linne, p. 414. 



Salmo curimata Bloch & Schneider, p. 417. 



Salmo aegyptius Gmelin, p. 418. {aegyptiacus of Gmelin). 



Salmo gasteropelecu3 Gmelin, p. 418. 



Salmo immaculatus Linne, p. 419. 



Salmo gibbosus Linne, p. 419. 



In 1802 Lacepede (Histoire naturelle des poissons) created for Salmo rhom- 

 beus Linne" the genus Serrasalmo and adopted the Charax of Gronovius as 

 Characinus for piabuca, dentex, gibbosus, notatus, bimaculatus, immaculatus, 

 cyprinoides, niloticus, nefasch, pulverulentus, anostomus, friderici, fasciatus, 

 melanurus, and odoe. The real advance in our knowledge of the relationships 

 of the Characins did not begin until several years later when Cuvier (1817) 

 published his Regne animal, and a series of articles in the Memoires Museum 

 d'histoire naturelle. In the Regne animal (p. 174) he recognized Erythrinus 

 which he placed in his Clupes and the following genera which were included in 



