SOURCES OF THE MATERIAL. 7 



Expedition,— namely, that of ascertaining how the freshwater fishes are dis- 

 tributed throughout the great river systems of Brazil." 



The routes of the separate parties are indicated on Plate 1. Hartt and 

 Copeland collected in the lower courses of the rivers from the San Francisco to 

 Rio de Janeiro. 



They left Rio de Janeiro on June 19. They visited the lower courses of the 

 Parahyba collecting at Campos and San Fidelis and ascended the tributary 

 Muriahy. From San Fidelis they crossed the divide to the Itabapuana and 

 descended that stream to its mouth going thence via the Rio Itapemerim, Rio 

 Novo, 1 and Guarapary to Victoria. On a subsequent journey from Rio they 

 ascended the Rio Doce for ninety miles to the first fall at Porto de Souza and 

 collected also at Linhares in the Rio Doce and the lake and river Juparana. 

 From Linhares they went to San Matheus and the Rio Mucury in which they 

 collected at its mouth, Porto Alegre 2 and some distance inland at Santa Clara. 

 From Santa Clara they went to Philadelphia collecting on the way in the Rio 

 Urucu and thence to Calhoa and Minas Novas both on the Arassuahy. They 

 separately descended the Rio Jequitinhonha, three hundred and sixty miles to 

 the sea. They collected next at Cannavierias and ascended the Rio Pardo 

 to its fall. Collections were also made at Belmonte, Santa Cruz and Porto 

 Seguro on the coast south of the Rio Jequitinhonha. They then visited Bahia 

 and returned to Rio de Janeiro. 3 



St. John, Allen, Ward, and Sceva went from Rio de Janeiro to the Rio 

 Parahyba and Juiz de Fora, across the Serra do Mantequeira to Barbacena. 

 They collected at Rodeio, Rio Macacos, a tributary of the Santa Anna, State 

 Rio de Janeiro. Ward left the party at Barbacena and went over Ouro Preto 

 and Santa Barbara to Diamantina "passing from one river-basin to another 

 in order to examine as many of the tributaries of the Rio Doce and the Jequitin- 

 honha as possible." Ward then crossed the San Francisco at Januaria and went 

 to the Tocantins which he followed to its junction with the Amazon. St. John, 

 Ward, and Allen continued via Logoa Dourada and Pradas across the Rio 

 Carandahy and Rio Paraopeba to Sabura (Rio Macacos, into Rio San Fran- 

 cisco) , Santa Luiza, Lagoa Santa, Sete Lagoas and Gequitiba. Sceva remained 

 about Lagoa Santa and later went via Rio de Janeiro to Canto-Gallo. 



St. John and Allen went down the San Francisco to Januaria. Here 



1 Note also another Rio Novo in Haseman's itinerary, p. 10. 



2 Not the Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Su] where von Ihering and Haseman collected. 



3 Collections were made by Hartt in the Rio San Francisco below the fall either at this time or on 

 a later trip. Hartt and Copeland sent in specimens recorded as from Jacurpe and Posuca, localities 1 

 have not been able to locate. 



