318 M. A. Croneberg- on the 



lateral and one inferior, unpaired, which tbrm the great mass 

 of the viscera. The two lateral sacs again divide on the 

 outside each into eight secondary lobes, between which the 

 vertical abdominal muscles traverse the body-cavity, while 

 the straight median margins meet in a shallow longitudinal 

 furrow, in wliich the heart lies imbedded. The divisions of 

 the liver are held together by a cellulo-vesicular connective 

 tissue, which is particularly developed on their distal segments, 

 but also occurs around the other viscera. 



The unpaired inferior hepatic sac only has slightly undu- 

 lated contours and extends into the last third of the abdomen, 

 beneath the genitalia, by the efferent ducts of which it is em- 

 braced anteriorly. The inner lining consists of large cells 

 densely packed with granules and oil-drops ; among their 

 brown contents small accumulations of a chalky- white sub- 

 stance show themselves very distinctly, giving the whole 

 organ the appearance of being closely sprinkled with white ; 

 larger portions of the same substance also form the exclusive 

 contents of the intestine. It is interesting to see how this 

 white excretion, which in the Hydrachnida and Trombidida 

 forms exclusively the residue of the digestive process, does 

 not appear in the Pseudoscorpions enclosed in a canal-system 

 with proper walls separated from the liver, while in the 

 Hydrachnida such a system occurs in all transitions from a 

 widely branched excretory tube [Eyla'is) to a massive unpaired 

 one [Hydrachna) which is applied to the wall of the stomach, 

 and, as I have shown, opens into the anus, in continuity with 

 which it can be separated from the cgecally closed stomach. 

 In Pseudoscorpions, as Menge correctly states, the intestine 

 forms a double loop, and opens by a dilated rectum into the 

 anus. 



Like Daday, I find the heart extending from the fourth 

 ventral segment up to the brain ; the posterior half possesses 

 a musculature arranged in numerous transverse segments, 

 while the lighter anterior portion, representing an aorta, 

 divides into two branches just behind the brain. In Chernes 

 the fissures (four pairs) occur only in the posterior, slightly 

 dilated end of the heart, on which on each side a muscular 

 fibre breaking up into several branches is inserted. 



In both sexes the genitalia open at the base of the abdo- 

 men between two transverse chitinous plates, representing the 

 second and third abdominal segments, not, however, with 

 two apertures, as Menge thought, but with a single unpaired 

 orifice. The testes in Chernes^ as also in OMsium, have a 

 form resembling that of the ovaria of the scorpion or the 

 genitalia of Eyla'is, inasmuch as they consist of three longi- 



