Structure of the Pseudoscorpioiis. P,19 



tudinal canals (a median and two lateral ones), which are 

 united to each other hy transverse canals ; the meshes of the 

 testes, as in Eyla'is, embrace the diverticula of the liver. In 

 Chelifer, however, the testis, as quite correctly described by 

 Menge, has the form of a simple median tube. From this, as 

 also in Chernes^ originate two anterior divergent vasa defe- 

 rential which embrace the median hepatic sac and pass over 

 into a complicated unpaired terminal segment. This forms 

 first a strongly muscular spherical bulb, passing over into an 

 S-shaped chitinous tube, Vvdiich is united by special muscles 

 with a framework attached to the external genital plate, and 

 can be pushed forth as a copulatory organ. The contents 

 of the testes consist of numerous balls of seminal cells in 

 different stages of development, besides isolated packets of 

 filiform zoospermia arranged in whorls. 



The ovary of Chernes has the form of a long unpaired tube 

 beset on both sides with a number of egg-follicles ; the mature 

 ova each occupy the end of a follicle, while the peduncle 

 is occupied by a number of small cells, and only in Ohisium 

 have I prev^iously observed an epithelium surrounding the 

 ovum on all sides. The follicles appear to persist for some 

 time after the evacuation of the ovum ; at least I sometimes 

 found them empty, and the young ova on the cellular pedun- 

 cle sprouting forth at the base. The oviducts open into a 

 short vagina, which is surrounded by a dense accumulation 

 of unicellular glands, and further receives two much-contorted 

 tubular glands. These accessory glands are represented in 

 the male by two packets of unicellular glands, the fine parallel 

 efferent ducts of which are directed towards the genital aper- 

 ture, and further on each side by two sacciform appendages 

 lined with a flat epithelium, which are connected with the 

 ductus ejaculatorius and contain a granular substance. In 

 this way all the glandular formations situated in this part of 

 the body would be enumerated, although, according to previous 

 notions, the spinning-glands have their locality here. How- 

 ever, at any rate in Chernes, I could not see the smallest 

 trace of the spinning-tubercles, stated by Menge to occur here ; 

 there were only ordinary chitinous hairs, which certainly had 

 the arrangement described by Menge but had no connexion 

 at all with any gland. As I repeatedly found the animals 

 under bark during the cold season in their little watchglass- 

 like webs, and further the spinning was actually observed by 

 Menge, the organs implicated in it must be sought in some 

 other part of the body, and it cannot be denied that the situa- 

 tion at the base of the abdomen would be anything but 

 favourable to their function. In fact, I succeeded in disco- 



