THE TANGANYIKA PROBLEM. 101 



mann's* view that the range was the expression of a double 

 line of faulting, or was in reality a block mountain, is not 

 altogether correct. Indeed, Stuhlmann did not acquire a 

 sufficiently extensive acquaintance with the range in order 

 to grasp its real nature, but his view was a distinct advance 

 upon Stairs' suggestion that the mountains were the denuded 

 fragments of an old volcanic cone. Unquestionably, Stuhl- 

 mann's was a very shrewd guess at the nature of the 

 mountains which confronted him, and, from his points of 

 observation, perhaps the only supposition he could make. 

 Scott Elliot appreciated the existence of the up-piled 

 schists on both sides of the range, but his theory that 

 the mountains are a sort of oval boss of raised material, 

 independent of the surrounding geological features, cannot 

 be made to fit in with the actual facts of the case. The 

 range, as we have seen, seems in reality to be merely an 

 accentuated expression of the same sort of up-push as that 

 which has raised the eastern wall of the eurycolpic folds 

 north and south of it. What has happened appearing 

 to be that over this more actively raised region the lower 

 materials, which underlay the sides of the depression, have 

 been pushed through the surface in a succession of pro- 

 truding, lenticular masses, the axes of which run north 

 and south. The amphibolites, as I have found myself, 

 do actually run out in this way towards the north of the 

 range. 



Although I have in the above briefly outlined the most 

 important structural features of the Mountains of the 

 Moon, it is necessary to refer to certain other matters in 

 connection with them at the present time. Before my 

 visit to the range, in March, 1900, no one had reached 

 the snow-line on these mountains, and consequently 



* Stuhlmann. Mit Emm Pacha. 



