i8o THE TANGANYIKA PROBLEM. 



10-12 ; spines increasing in length to the sixth, which measures a little less than 

 \ length of head and equals longest soft rays. Pectoral as long as head. Ventral extend- 

 ing a little beyond origin of anal. Anal III. 6-7 ; third spine longest, a little shorter 

 than longest dorsal. Caudal with crescentic emargination. Caudal peduncle as long 



as deep. Scales very finely denticulate on the edge, 33-34 — ; lat. 1, ; 



upper lateral line complete, extending to base of caudal. Pale brownish above, 

 silvery beneath ; a series of five indistinct dark blotches on each side of the body ; 

 spinous dorsal edged with brown above. 



Total length, 70 millim. 



Described from two specimens from Kinyamkolo, and one from Mbity Rocks. 



Closely allied to Paratilapia pfefferi ; distinguished by the larger eye, the 

 complete upper lateral line, the longer pectoral, and the more strongly emarginate 

 caudal. Connects P. pfefferi with P. ventralis, which represents a more aberrant 

 type. 



44. Paratilapia ventralis. — Blgr. 1898. (Fig., p. 203, lower.) 



Teeth very small, in two series in both jaws, the outer and larger tipped with 

 brown. Depth of body, 2§ to 3 times in total length ; length of head, 3. Snout 

 with curved upper profile, a little shorter than the eye, the diameter of which is 2§ 

 to 2| times in length of head and exceeds interorbital width ; maxillary extending to 

 below anterior fourth of eye ; two or three series of scales on the cheek ; large scales 

 on the opercle. Gill-rakers rather long, lanceolate, 17 to 19 on lower part of 

 anterior arch. Dorsal XII. -XIII. 13-14; spines increasing in length to the eighth 

 or ninth, which measures nearly h length of head and f or f longest soft rays. 

 Pectoral a little longer than head. Ventral much produced, extending far beyond 

 the origin of the anal, especially in the males, in which it may reach the end of the 

 caudal. Anal III. 9-10; third spine longest, about | length of head ; middle soft 

 rays produced, nearly as long as head. Caudal deeply emarginate, crescentic. 

 Caudal peduncle \h as long as deep. 



45. Paratilapia devvindti. — Blgr. 1899. (Fig., p. 207, upper.) 



Teeth very small, in three or four series in both jaws, the outer scarcely larger 



and not tipped with brown. Depth of body equal to length of head, nearly 3 times 



in total length. Snout with curved upper profile, shorter than the eye, the diameter 



of which is 2* to 2| in length of head, and exceeds interorbital width ; maxillary 



extending to below anterior fourth of eye ; two or three series of scales on the 



cheek ; large scales on the opercle. Gill-rakers rather long, lanceolate, 17 or 18 on 



lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal XII. -XIII. 12-13 ; spines increasing in length 



to the eighth or ninth, which measures f or h length of head and | longest soft rays. 



Pectoral a little shorter than head, extending as far as origin of anal. Ventral 



produced into a long filament extending beyond origin of anal. Anal III., 9 ; 



third spine longest, f length of head ; middle soft rays produced, as long as or a 



little shorter than head. Caudal deeply emarginate, crescentic. Caudal peduncle, 



4 2 9 — 3° ' 

 ig as long as deep. Scales finely denticulate on the edge, 37-38 — ; lat. 1, ' 



upper lateral line not reaching base of caudal. Grey above, white beneath ; four 



