Vol. VII] REAGAN— ARCHXOLOGICAL NOTES 17 



not less than 1,000 years stands atop one of the principal 

 midden ridges. 



These middens are similar to those described at LaPush 

 and contain similar material. It is also the writer's opin- 

 ion that they were made by the ancestors of the people 

 who now occupy the region, the Hohs and their kin-folk, the 

 Quillayutes. 



The Ozette-Makah Region. 



The Makah (Klas-set or Kwe-net-sat'h) Indians, a 

 branch of the Nootka family, occupy the Cape Flattery 

 region. When first visited by white men, they claimed all 

 the country from Flattery Rocks and the Ozette Indian vil- 

 lage on the Pacific front around Cape Flattery and Tatoosh 

 Island to the mouth of the Hoko River on the Strait of Juan 

 de Fuca, the distance down the coast each way from the cape 

 being about 18 miles. By the Makah treaty of 1855, known 

 as the Treaty of Neah Bay, which was effected by Governor 

 Isaac I. Stevens, Superintendent of Indian Affairs and Gov- 

 ernor of Washington Territory, this territory was reduced 

 to a distance about six miles down the coast on each side 

 of the cape. Tatoosh Island was also thrown out of the 

 Indian lands. The portion reserved includes a low flat area 

 and meadow land partly covered with a dense forest and 

 partly open marsh at the south extending from Neah Bay 

 to the Pacific, a distance of about four miles. This low 

 area is bordered by abrupt and almost precipitous hills on 

 each side throughout its entire length. It is conclusively 

 evident that at a not remote period the waters of the Pacific 

 joined those of Neah Bay, leaving that portion of the cape 

 north of the marsh-area an island. This conclusion is sup- 

 ported by the tradition of the Indians that the ocean once 

 flowed through this low area between the Strait of Fuca and 

 the ocean. Even now, the waters of Waatch River at every 

 high tide, flow within a few rods of the waters of Neah 

 Bay. The whole region is of mountainous character and is 

 the termination of the Olympic Range. It is covered with an 

 almost impenetrable forest, which is composed of spruce and 

 hemlock and a dense undergrowth of rose bushes, wild cur- 



