446 Rov. A. C. Smitli on the Birds of Portugal. 



83. tl'YRHHULA KUROPvEA, Loacli. Bullfincli. " DomFafe." 

 Though seldom seen in the southern provinces, this species is 



couiuion in the north. 



84. fLoxiA cuRviRosTRA, Linn. Crossbill. " Trinca-nozes," 

 " Cruza-bico." 



Common. Mr. Burt frequently saw it in the pine-woods 

 near the sea-coast beyond Ciutra. 



85. *Sturnus vulgaris, Linn. Common Starling. '* Es- 

 torninho." 



Very common. 



86. tS TURN us UNicoLOR, Mami. Sardinian Starling. " Es- 

 torninho" 



Of the abundance or scarcity of this bird I am unable to form 

 any opinion, as, if common, it is doubtless frequently con- 

 founded with its better-known congener. I did not see it in the 

 flesh, but I was fortunate in finding a good specimen at the house 

 of the only taxidermist which Lisbon can boast. For the con- 

 venience of future inquirers, I may add that his address, which I 

 only discovered after several days' fruitless search, is 158 Rua do 

 Moinho da Vento, and that over a diminutive shop. No. 47 in 

 the same street, he has placed the encouraging announcement, 

 "Casa perpara9ao de productos Historia Natural." He is a 

 most civil and obliging man ; and as his daily business is to 

 prepare objects for the museum, practice has made him a tole- 

 rable performer on birds. There is also a second individual 

 who calls himself bird-stuffer," living near the fruit- market, and 

 not far from the post-office ; but his stock-in-trade consisted of 

 about forty Parrots, deformed to the last degree by his most un- 

 skilful hand. To return to >!?. unicolor, — that it is a distinct and 

 true species I have no doubt, first, from the plumage, which, in all 

 the specimens I saw, is wholly different from that of S. vulgaris, 

 and, again, from its habit of keeping in separate flocks, and not 

 associating with its commoner relative ; and this, I was assured, 

 on repeated inquiry, was its universal custom. 



87. *Fregilus graculus (Linn.). Chough. 



88. *Fregilus pyrrhocorax (Linn.). Alpine Chough. 



I feel compelled to speak with a certain degree of doubt as to 



